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In Exercises 7鈥10, the augmented matrix of a linear system has been reduced by row operations to the form shown. In each case, continue the appropriate row operations and describe the solution set of the original system.

7. \(\left( {\begin{aligned}{*{20}{c}}1&7&3&{ - 4}\\0&1&{ - 1}&3\\0&0&0&1\\0&0&1&{ - 2}\end{aligned}} \right)\)

Short Answer

Expert verified

The linear system has no solution.

Step by step solution

01

Rewrite the augmented matrix

The augmented matrix of a linear system is given as

\(\left( {\begin{aligned}{*{20}{c}}1&7&3&{ - 4}\\0&1&{ - 1}&3\\0&0&0&1\\0&0&1&{ - 2}\end{aligned}} \right)\)

02

Perform elementary row operations

A basic principle states that row operations do not affect the solution set of a linear system.

Ordinarily, the next step would be to interchange the third row and the fourth row to have 1 in the third row and the third column.

However, in this case, all three elements of the third row of the augmented matrix are zero.

03

Convert the third row into the equation form

The third row can be written in the equation form as

\(\begin{aligned}{c}0{x_1} + 0{x_2} + 0{x_3} = 1\\ \Rightarrow 0 = 1.\end{aligned}\)

This is a contradiction and is not a possible condition.

04

Conclusion

All elements of the third row of the matrix are zero, and it is well known that zero never equals one.

Thus, the solution set is empty, or the given system of linear equations has no solution.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Consider the problem of determining whether the following system of equations is consistent for all \({b_1},{b_2},{b_3}\):

\(\begin{aligned}{c}{\bf{2}}{x_1} - {\bf{4}}{x_2} - {\bf{2}}{x_3} = {b_1}\\ - {\bf{5}}{x_1} + {x_2} + {x_3} = {b_2}\\{\bf{7}}{x_1} - {\bf{5}}{x_2} - {\bf{3}}{x_3} = {b_3}\end{aligned}\)

  1. Define appropriate vectors, and restate the problem in terms of Span \(\left\{ {{{\bf{v}}_1},{{\bf{v}}_2},{{\bf{v}}_3}} \right\}\). Then solve that problem.
  1. Define an appropriate matrix, and restate the problem using the phrase 鈥渃olumns of A.鈥
  1. Define an appropriate linear transformation T using the matrix in (b), and restate the problem in terms of T.

Let \(T:{\mathbb{R}^3} \to {\mathbb{R}^3}\) be the linear transformation that reflects each vector through the plane \({x_{\bf{2}}} = 0\). That is, \(T\left( {{x_1},{x_2},{x_3}} \right) = \left( {{x_1}, - {x_2},{x_3}} \right)\). Find the standard matrix of \(T\).

In Exercises 10, write a vector equation that is equivalent tothe given system of equations.

10. \(4{x_1} + {x_2} + 3{x_3} = 9\)

\(\begin{array}{c}{x_1} - 7{x_2} - 2{x_3} = 2\\8{x_1} + 6{x_2} - 5{x_3} = 15\end{array}\)

In Exercise 2, compute \(u + v\) and \(u - 2v\).

2. \(u = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}3\\2\end{array}} \right]\), \(v = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}2\\{ - 1}\end{array}} \right]\).

In Exercises 3 and 4, display the following vectors using arrows

on an \(xy\)-graph: u, v, \( - {\bf{v}}\), \( - 2{\bf{v}}\), u + v , u - v, and u - 2v. Notice thatis the vertex of a parallelogram whose other vertices are u, 0, and \( - {\bf{v}}\).

3. u and v as in Exercise 1

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