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Chapter 1: Q. 20 (page 49)

Use the following information to answer the next seven exercises: Studies are often done by pharmaceutical companies to determine the effectiveness of a treatment program. Suppose that a new AIDS antibody drug is currently under study. It is given to patients once the AIDS symptoms have revealed themselves. Of interest is the average (mean) length of time in months patients live once starting the treatment. Two researchers each follow a different set of 40 AIDS patients from the start of treatment until their deaths. The following data (in months) are collected.

Researcher A: 3; 4; 11; 15; 16; 17; 22; 44; 37; 16; 14; 24; 25; 15; 26; 27; 33; 29; 35; 44; 13; 21; 22; 10; 12; 8; 40; 32; 26; 27; 31; 34; 29; 17; 8; 24; 18; 47; 33; 34

Researcher B: 3; 14; 11; 5; 16; 17; 28; 41; 31; 18; 14; 14; 26; 25; 21; 22; 31; 2; 35; 44; 23; 21; 21; 16; 12; 18; 41; 22; 16; 25; 33; 34; 29; 13; 18; 24; 23; 42; 33; 29

Would you expect the data to be identical? Why or why not?

Short Answer

Expert verified

We can't expect the data to be identical because the treatments aren't identical, so the results may differ unless neither treatment has an effect.

Step by step solution

01

Concept Introduction

The raw information obtained from the population of interest is referred to as data in statistics. The collection and validity of this data are dependent on various factors.

02

Explanation

Because the treatments used by the two studies differ, the data acquired by the two researchers may not be identical. In addition, the researchers study two different groups of people. It's also possible that the researchers selected the participants for their various studies on their own. As a result, there's a good chance of getting two different sets of data from the two groups. The medication has varying effects on people of various ages. It's also impossible to find persons in both research groups who are the same age. As a result, we cannot expect the same results.

03

Final answer

Because the treatments are different, the data cannot be identical; therefore, the data may be different unless neither treatment has an effect.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Use the following information to answer the next two exercises: Table 1.38contains data on hurricanes that have made direct hits on the U.S. Between 1851and 2004. A hurricane is given a strength category rating based on the minimum wind speed generated by the storm.

What is the relative frequency of direct hits that were AT MOST a category 3 storm?

a. 0.3480

b. 0.9231

c. 0.2601

d. 0.3370

The data are the areas of lawns in square feet. You sample five houses. The areas of the lawns are 144sq. feet, 160sq. feet, 190sq. feet, 180sq. feet, and 210sq. feet. What type of data is this?

Name the sampling method used in each of the following situations:

a. A woman in the airport is handing out questionnaires to travelers asking them to evaluate the airport鈥檚 service. She does not ask travelers who are hurrying through the airport with their hands full of luggage, but instead asks all travelers who are sitting near gates and not taking naps while they wait.

b. A teacher wants to know if her students are doing homework, so she randomly selects rows two and five and then calls on all students in row two and all students in row five to present the solutions to homework problems to the class.

c. The marketing manager for an electronics chain store wants information about the ages of its customers. Over the next two weeks, at each store location, 100randomly selected customers are given questionnaires to fill out asking for information about age, as well as about other variables of interest.

d. The librarian at a public library wants to determine what proportion of the library users are children. The librarian has a tally sheet on which she marks whether books are checked out by an adult or a child. She records this data for every fourth patron who checks out books.

e. A political party wants to know the reaction of voters to a debate between the candidates. The day after the debate, the party鈥檚 polling staff calls 1,200randomly selected phone numbers. If a registered voter answers the phone or is available to come to the phone, that registered voter is asked whom he or she intends to vote for and whether the debate changed his or her opinion of the candidates.

1.11 You are going to use the random number generator to generate different types of samples from the data.

This table displays six sets of quiz scores (each quiz counts 10 points) for an elementary statistics class.

Instructions: Use the Random Number Generator to pick samples.

1. Create a stratified sample by column. Pick three quiz scores randomly from each column.

鈼� Number each row one through ten.

鈼� On your calculator, press Math and arrow over to PRB.

鈼� For column 1, Press 5:randInt( and enter 1,10). Press ENTER. Record the number. Press ENTER 2 more

times (even the repeats). Record these numbers. Record the three quiz scores in column one that correspond

to these three numbers.

鈼� Repeat for columns two through six.

鈼� These 18 quiz scores are a stratified sample.

2. Create a cluster sample by picking two of the columns. Use the column numbers: one through six.

鈼� Press MATH and arrow over to PRB.

鈼� Press 5:randInt( and enter 1,6). Press ENTER. Record the number. Press ENTER and record that number.

鈼� The two numbers are for two of the columns.

鈼� The quiz scores (20 of them) in these 2 columns are the cluster sample.

3. Create a simple random sample of 15 quiz scores.

鈼� Use the numbering one through 60.

鈼� Press MATH. Arrow over to PRB. Press 5:randInt( and enter 1, 60).

鈼� Press ENTER 15 times and record the numbers.

鈼� Record the quiz scores that correspond to these numbers.

鈼� These 15 quiz scores are the systematic sample.

4. Create a systematic sample of 12 quiz scores.

鈼� Use the numbering one through 60.

鈼� Press MATH. Arrow over to PRB. Press 5:randInt( and enter 1, 60).

鈼� Press ENTER. Record the number and the first quiz score. From that number, count ten quiz scores and

record that quiz score. Keep counting ten quiz scores and recording the quiz score until you have a sample

of 12 quiz scores. You may wrap around (go back to the beginning).

Use the following information to answer the next seven exercises: Studies are often done by pharmaceutical companies to determine the effectiveness of a treatment program. Suppose that a new AIDS antibody drug is currently under study. It is given to patients once the AIDS symptoms have revealed themselves. Of interest is the average (mean) length of time in months patients live once starting the treatment. Two researchers each follow a different set of 40 AIDS patients from the start of treatment until their deaths. The following data (in months) are collected.

Researcher A: 3; 4; 11; 15; 16; 17; 22; 44; 37; 16; 14; 24; 25; 15; 26; 27; 33; 29; 35; 44; 13; 21; 22; 10; 12; 8; 40; 32; 26; 27; 31; 34; 29; 17; 8; 24; 18; 47; 33; 34

Researcher B: 3; 14; 11; 5; 16; 17; 28; 41; 31; 18; 14; 14; 26; 25; 21; 22; 31; 2; 35; 44; 23; 21; 21; 16; 12; 18; 41; 22; 16; 25; 33; 34; 29; 13; 18; 24; 23; 42; 33; 29

Suggest at least two methods the researchers might use to gather random data.
See all solutions

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