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91Ó°ÊÓ

In a statistics class of 42 students, 28 have volunteered for community service in the past. Find the probability that a randomly selected student from this class has volunteered for community service in the past.

Short Answer

Expert verified
\(\frac{2}{3}\)

Step by step solution

01

Understand the problem

There are 42 students in total. Out of these, 28 have volunteered for community service. We need to find the probability that a randomly selected student from this class has volunteered for community service.
02

Formulate the probability formula

The probability of an event happening is equal to the number of ways it can happen divided by the total number of outcomes.
03

Apply the formula to the problem

In this case, the number of ways a student could have volunteered for community service is 28 (the number of students who have volunteered), and the total number of outcomes is 42 (the total number of students). Hence, the probability \( P \) is given by \( P = \frac{28}{42} \).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Statistics Class
In a statistics class, students often encounter topics like probability and data analysis. This particular problem deals with calculating the probability of a specific event within a group of students. Understanding such problems helps students apply statistical techniques in real-world scenarios and develop critical thinking skills.

Probability, a key component of statistics, helps predict the likelihood of future events based on existing data. Calculating the probability involves counting the number of successful outcomes and dividing it by the total number of possible outcomes. By mastering these concepts, students can better analyze patterns and make informed decisions based on data.

In this exercise, students learn to calculate the probability by applying the formula to real-life context: how many students have volunteered for community service versus the total number of students in the class. Grasping these fundamentals ensures that students are well-prepared for more advanced statistical topics in the future.
Community Service
Community service is a wonderful way for individuals, especially students, to contribute positively to their society. It involves volunteering time and skills to help others, and often enhances one's skills and understanding of societal needs. In the context of this exercise, community service serves as the specific event for which we are calculating the probability.

Engaging in community service offers numerous benefits, including gaining valuable experience, improving social skills, and providing opportunities for personal growth. Additionally, it often forms an essential part of educational programs, encouraging students to develop empathy and a sense of responsibility towards the community.

For statistics exercises, using community service as an example helps students to relate mathematical concepts to real, impactful activities. This relevance to actual experiences makes learning probability more engaging and meaningful.
Random Selection
Random selection is a key concept when discussing probability. It ensures that each member of a group has an equal chance of being chosen, which is crucial for fair and unbiased results in statistical analysis.

In statistical terms, random selection is used to maintain objectivity and prevent any biases in decision-making processes. By randomly selecting a student from a class, we ensure that each student has the same likelihood of being chosen, which makes our probability calculation accurate and representative.

Understanding random selection is essential for analyzing data effectively. This concept is widely used in surveys, experiments, and studies to ensure fairness and enhance the reliability of conclusions drawn from statistical data. By incorporating random selection into their exercises, students learn how randomness and probability closely intersect, forming the foundation for advanced statistical methodologies.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Consider the following addition rule to find the probability of the union of two events \(A\) and \(B\) : $$ P(A \text { or } B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A \text { and } B) $$ When and why is the term \(P(A\) and \(B\) ) subtracted from the sum of \(P(A)\) and \(P(B)\) ? Give one example where you might use this formula.

A random sample of 250 juniors majoring in psychology or communication at a large university is selected. These students are asked whether or not they are happy with their majors. The following table gives the results of the survey. Assume that none of these 250 students is majoring in both areas. $$ \begin{array}{lcc} \hline & \text { Happy } & \text { Unhappy } \\ \hline \text { Psychology } & 80 & 20 \\ \text { Communication } & 115 & 35 \\ \hline \end{array} $$ a. If one student is selected at random from this group, find the probability that this student is i. happy with the choice of major ii. a psychology major iii. a communication major given that the student is happy with the choice of major iv. unhappy with the choice of major given that the student is a psychology major v. a psychology major and is happy with that major vi. a communication major \(o r\) is unhappy with his or her major b. Are the events "psychology major" and "happy with major" independent? Are they mutually exclusive? Explain why or why not.

In a statistics class of 42 students, 28 have volunteered for community service in the past. If two students are selected at random from this class, what is the probability that both of them have volunteered for community service in the past? Draw a tree diagram for this problem.

How is the multiplication rule of probability for two dependent events different from the rule for two independent events?

Five hundred employees were selected from a city's large private companies, and they were asked whether or not they have any retirement benefits provided by their companies. Based on this information, the following two-way classification table was prepared. $$ \begin{array}{lcc} & {\text { Have Retirement Benefits }} \\ \hline & \text { Yes } & \text { No } \\ \hline \text { Men } & 225 & 75 \\ \text { Women } & 150 & 50 \\ \hline \end{array} $$ Suppose one employee is selected at random from these 500 employees. Find the following probabilities. a. The probability of the union of events "woman" and "yes" b. The probability of the union of events "no" and "man"

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