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Chapter 2: Problem 57

What is a stacked dotplot, and how is it used? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified
A stacked dot plot is a data visualization method displaying frequency count of quantitative data differentiated into categories. It is constructed by representing each count in a category with a dot and stacking these dots along the category line. Its application lies in easily showing variation, data skewness, outliers, cluster groups, and gaps, providing a straightforward comparison among different categories.

Step by step solution

01

Explanation of the Concept

A stacked dot plot is a data visualization tool that displays the frequency count of quantitative data, classified into various categories. Each dot in the plot represents one count of the data, and several dots are stacked in each category to display the count. The greater the stack of dots, the higher the frequency in that category.
02

Construction of Stacked Dot Plot

To construct a stacked dot plot, start by identifying the distinct categories of the data set. For each category, count the frequency of the data and represent each count by a dot. Position and stack these dots along a line representing the category. Repeat this procedure for all categories, lining them up in proximity for comparison.
03

Usage of Stacked Dot Plot

Stacked dot plots are used in data visualization because they can easily show variation in frequency counts between different categories. They are particularly efficient in indicating skewness in data, outliers, cluster groups, and gaps. More so, they're effective in providing a quick comparison among different categories, offering visual simplicity and clarity.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

How are the relative frequencies and percentages of classes obtained from the frequencies of classes? Illustrate with the help of an example.

The following data give the number of times each of the 20 randomly selected male students from a state university ate at fast-food restaurants during a 7 -day period. \(\begin{array}{rrrrrrrrrr}5 & 8 & 10 & 3 & 5 & 5 & 10 & 7 & 2 & 1 \\ 10 & 4 & 5 & 0 & 10 & 1 & 2 & 8 & 3 & 5\end{array}\) Create a dotplot for these data and point out any clusters or outliers.

Thirty adults were asked which of the following conveniences they would find most difficult to do without: television ( \(\mathrm{T}\) ), refrigerator (R), air conditioning (A), public transportation (P), or microwave (M). Their responses are listed below. \(\begin{array}{llllllllll}\mathrm{R} & \mathrm{A} & \mathrm{R} & \mathrm{P} & \mathrm{P} & \mathrm{T} & \mathrm{R} & \mathrm{M} & \mathrm{P} & \mathrm{A} \\ \mathrm{A} & \mathrm{R} & \mathrm{R} & \mathrm{T} & \mathrm{P} & \mathrm{P} & \mathrm{T} & \mathrm{R} & \mathrm{A} & \mathrm{A} \\ \mathrm{R} & \mathrm{P} & \mathrm{A} & \mathrm{T} & \mathrm{R} & \mathrm{P} & \mathrm{R} & \mathrm{A} & \mathrm{P} & \mathrm{R}\end{array}\) a. Prepare a frequency distribution table. b. Calculate the relative frequencies and percentages for all categories. c. What percentage of these adults named refrigerator or air conditioning as the convenience that they would find most difficult to do without? d. Draw a bar graph for the relative frequency distribution.

Each state collects information on every birth that occurs within its borders. The following data give the 2008 birth rates (number of births per 1000 people) for all of the 56 counties in the state of Montana (http://www.dphhs.mt.gov/statisticalinformation/vitalstats/index.shtml). \(\begin{array}{rrrrrrrr}10.1 & 22.2 & 15.8 & 12.2 & 7.7 & 3.1 & 14.5 & 7.8 \\\ 13.6 & 8.8 & 10.9 & 8.9 & 14.7 & 9.6 & 14.2 & 14.9 \\ 18.3 & 22.8 & 5.4 & 5.6 & 19.6 & 8.2 & 9.9 & 14.7 \\ 13.7 & 10.3 & 9.7 & 9.8 & 8.6 & 9.4 & 14.1 & 12.3 \\ 10.5 & 11.4 & 2.2 & 9.8 & 10.9 & 4.6 & 6.6 & 8.5 \\ 10.2 & 14.4 & 20.4 & 18.5 & 10.8 & 6.5 & 11.6 & 12.1 \\ 10.5 & 9.3 & 8.1 & 7.4 & 10.2 & 9.7 & 5.6 & 14.5\end{array}\) a. Construct a frequency distribution table using the classes 2 to less than 5,5 to less than 8,8 to less than 11,11 to less than 14,14 to less than 17,17 to less than 20 , and 20 to less than 23 . b. Calculate the relative frequency and percentage for each class. c. Construct a histogram and a polygon for the birth-rate percentage distribution. d. What percentage of the counties had a birth rate of less than 11 births per 1000 people?

The following data give the results of a sample survey. The letters \(\mathrm{Y}, \mathrm{N}\), and \(\mathrm{D}\) represent the three categories. \(\begin{array}{llllllllll}\mathrm{D} & \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{D} & \mathrm{Y} \\\ \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{Y} \\ \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{D} & \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{Y} \\ \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{Y} & \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{N} & \mathrm{D} & \mathrm{Y}\end{array}\) C. a. Prepare a frequency distribution table. c. What percentage of the elements in this sample belong to category Y? d. What percentage of the elements in this sample belong to category \(\mathrm{N}\) or \(\mathrm{D}\) ? e. Draw a pie chart for the percentage distribution. b. Calculate the relative frequencies and percentages for all categories.
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