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Chapter 1: Problem 63

A study was done to determine the age, number of times per week, and the duration (amount of time) of resident use of a local park in San Jose. The first house in the neighborhood around the park was selected randomly and then every 8th house in the neighborhood around the park was interviewed. 鈥淣umber of times per week鈥� is what type of data? a. qualitative b. quantitative discrete c. quantitative continuous

Short Answer

Expert verified
b. quantitative discrete

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Type of Data

To determine the type of data represented by "Number of times per week," we first need to comprehend the options. Qualitative data describes qualities or characteristics and is non-numerical. Quantitative data, on the other hand, is numerical and can be separated into discrete or continuous types.
02

Quantitative Discrete vs Continuous

Quantitative discrete data consists of countable, distinct values or a finite list of possible options. Think of whole numbers and counts, such as the number of times an event occurs. Quantitative continuous data, conversely, can take on an infinite number of values within a given range and can include fractions and decimals, like height or temperature.
03

Determine the Nature of "Number of Times per Week"

The "Number of times per week" represents a count of how often an activity (visiting the park) occurs. It is counted in whole numbers and does not allow for fractions or decimals (e.g., you cannot visit the park 3.5 times in a week). Therefore, this is an example of quantitative discrete data.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Quantitative Discrete Data
Quantitative discrete data refers to numerical data that can be counted and have finite values. These are whole numbers that represent counts or frequencies, such as the number of visits to a park in a week.
The key characteristics of quantitative discrete data include:
  • They are countable: You can easily count and list the values, such as 0, 1, 2, 3 times, and so on.
  • They cannot be divided: Quantitative discrete data is expressed in whole numbers, so values like 2.5 are not possible.
  • They often represent frequencies or occurrences: These data points showcase how often an event or activity takes place.
Understanding this type of data is essential because it helps in analyzing patterns in various activities or behaviors, such as survey results in a study.
Data Types in Statistics
In statistics, data is mainly categorized into two types: qualitative and quantitative.
Qualitative data describes characteristics or qualities and is often non-numerical. It includes things like colors, names, or labels, and it's useful for categorizing information.
  • Categorical (qualitative): Data that describes attributes, such as gender, name, or color.
  • Numerical (quantitative): Data involving numbers, which can be further split into discrete and continuous.
Quantitative data, as we've seen, deals with numbers and can be further divided:
  • Discrete: Countable values like number of children or test scores (usually whole numbers).
  • Continuous: Can take any value within a range, including fractions and decimals, like weight or height.
Recognizing these differences helps in choosing the right analysis methods and statistical tests.
Survey Sampling Methods
Survey sampling methods are techniques used to select a portion of the population for study. It's crucial in obtaining accurate and reliable data. The given example uses a systematic sampling method.
Here's a quick overview of some common survey sampling methods:
  • Simple random sampling: Every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
  • Systematic sampling: After choosing a random starting point, every nth individual is selected. For example, in this survey, every 8th house was chosen.
  • Stratified sampling: The population is divided into subgroups (strata), and random samples are taken from each group.
  • Cluster sampling: The population is divided into clusters, and whole clusters are then randomly selected for study.
Selecting the right sampling method is key to ensuring that the results are representative of the whole population and to minimize bias in data collection.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

List some practical difficulties involved in getting accurate results from a telephone survey.

Use the following data to answer the next five exercises: Two researchers are gathering data on hours of video games played by school-aged children and young adults. They each randomly sample different groups of 150 students from the same school. They collect the following data. $$\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|}\hline \text { Hours Played per week } & {\text { Frequency }} & {\text { Relative Frequency }} & {\text { Cumulative Relative Frequency }} \\ \hline 0-2 & {26} & {0.17} & {0.17} \\ \hline 2-4 & {30} & {0.20} & {0.37} \\ \hline 4-6 & {49} & {0.33} & {0.70} \\ \hline 6-8 & {25} & {0.17} & {0.87} \\ \hline 8-10 & {12} & {0.8} & {0.95} \\ \hline 10-12 & {8} & {0.05} & {1} \\ \hline\end{array}$$ Table 1.29 Researcher A $$\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|}\hline \text { Hours Played per week } & {\text { Frequency }} & {\text { Relative Frequency }} & {\text { Cumulative Relative Frequency }} \\ \hline 0-2 & {0.48} & {0.32} & {0.32} \\ \hline 2-4 & {51} & {0.34} & {0.66} \\ \hline 4-6 & {24} & {0.16} & {0.82} \\ \hline 6-8 & {12} & {0.08} & {0.90} \\ \hline 8-10 & {11} & {0.07} & {0.97} \\ \hline 10-12 & {4} & {0.03} & {1} \\ \hline \end{array}$$ Table 1.30 Researcher B As part of a way to reward students for participating in the survey, the researchers gave each student a gift card to a video game store. Would this affect the data if students knew about the award before the study?

Determine the type of sampling used (simple random, stratified, systematic, cluster, or convenience). The first 50 people who walk into a sporting event are polled on their television preferences.

Identify the type of data that would be used to describe a response (quantitative discrete, quantitative continuous, or qualitative), and give an example of the data. Age of executives in Fortune 500 companies

Airline companies are interested in the consistency of the number of babies on each flight, so that they have adequate safety equipment. Suppose an airline conducts a survey. Over Thanksgiving weekend, it surveys six flights from Boston to Salt Lake City to determine the number of babies on the flights. It determines the amount of safety equipment needed by the result of that study. a. Using complete sentences, list three things wrong with the way the survey was conducted. b. Using complete sentences, list three ways that you would improve the survey if it were to be repeated.
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