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Chapter 2: Problem 50

Give an example of an experiment for each of the following: a. Single-blind experiment with the subjects blinded b. Single-blind experiment with the individuals measuring the response blinded c. Double-blind experiment d. An experiment for which it is not possible to blind the subjects

Short Answer

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a. For the single-blind experiment with subjects blinded, an example could be a clinical trial for a new drug, where the subjects don't know whether they are receiving the actual drug or a placebo. b. For the single-blind experiment with the individuals measuring the response blinded, an example could be a test of a new teaching method where the teachers know which method they are applying, but the graders do not know which method was used when grading exams. c. For the double-blind experiment, an example could be a study comparing the effectiveness of two types of therapy, where neither the patients nor the therapists know which type of therapy the patient is receiving. d. For the experiment for which it is impossible to blind the subjects, an example could be a research study testing the effects of physical exercise in elderly people. The subjects would know whether they are in the group that is exercising or in the control group.

Step by step solution

01

Single-blind experiment with the subjects blinded

In a single-blind experiment where the subjects are blinded, the subjects do not know which group they are in (experimental or control), but the researcher does. An example of this could be a clinical trial for a new drug, where the subjects do not know if they are receiving the actual drug or a placebo.
02

Single-blind experiment with the individuals measuring the response blinded

In a single-blind experiment where the individuals measuring the response are blinded, the researchers applying the treatment know which is the experimental group and which is the control group, but those who measure the response or analyze the data do not. An example could be a test of a new teaching method where the teachers know which method they are applying, but the graders do not know which method was used when grading exams.
03

Double-blind experiment

In a double-blind experiment, neither the subjects nor the researchers know which is the experimental group and which is the control group. This procedure is used to prevent bias in research results. An example of this could be a study comparing the effectiveness of two different types of therapy, where neither the patients nor the therapists know which type of therapy the patient is receiving.
04

An experiment for which it is not possible to blind the subjects

There are some experiments where it isn't possible to blind the subjects. Usually, this occurs when the nature of the treatment or procedure is obvious to the subject. An example of this could be a research study testing the effects of physical exercise in elderly people. The subjects would know whether they are in the group that is exercising or in the control group.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Based on a survey of 4113 U.S. adults, researchers at Stanford University concluded that Internet use leads to increased social isolation. The survey was conducted by an Internet-based polling company that selected its samples from a pool of 35,000 potential respondents, all of whom had been given free Internet access and WebTV hardware in exchange for agreeing to regularly participate in surveys conducted by the polling company. Two criticisms of this study were expressed in an article that appeared in the San Luis Obispo Tribune (February 28 . 2000). The first criticism was that increased social isolation was measured by asking respondents if they were talking less to family and friends on the phone. The second criticism was that the sample was selected only from a group that was induced to participate by the offer of free Internet service, yet the results were generalized to all U.S. adults. For each criticism, indicate what type of bias is being described and why it might make you question the conclusion drawn by the researchers.

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