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Use the Taylor methods of orders 2 and 4 with h = 0.25 to approximate the solution to the initial value problem y'=1-y,y(0)=0, at x = 1. Compare these approximations to the actual solutiony=1+e-xevaluated at x = 1.

Short Answer

Expert verified

2(1)=0.62744(1)=0.6227

Step by step solution

01

Find the value of f2(x,y)

Herey'=1-y,y(0)=0

Apply the chain rule.

f2(x,y)=fx(x,y)+fy(x,y)f(x,y)

Sincef2(x,y)=1-y

fx(x,y)=0fy(x,y)=-1

So, the equation isf2(x,y)=y-1

02

Evaluate the values of f3(x,y) and f4(x,y)

Apply the same procedure as step 1

f3(x,y)=y-1f4(x,y)=1-y

03

Apply the recursive formulas for order 2

The recursive formula is

xn+1=xn+hyn+1=yn+hf(xn+yn)+h22!f2(xn+yn)+.....hpp!fp(xn+yn)xn+1=xn+0.25yn+1=yn+0.25(1-yn)+0.2522(yn-1)

04

Apply the initial condition and find the values of x and y 

Where starting points are xo=0,y0=0

x1=0.25y1=0.21875

Put all these values in recursive formulas for the other values.

x2=0.5y2=0.389648x3=0.75y3=0.523163x4=1y4=0.627471

Therefore the approximation of the solution by the Taylor method of order 2 at point x=1

21=0.6274

05

Apply the recursive formulas for order 4

xn+1=xn+0.25yn+1=yn+0.25(1-yn)+0.2522(yn-1)+0.2536(yn-1)+0.25424(1-yn)

06

Apply the initial condition and find the values of x and y

Where starting points are xo=0,y0=0.

x1=0.25y1=0.216309

Put all these values in recursive formulas for the other values.

x2=0.5y2=0.385828x3=0.75y3=0.518679x4=1y4=0.622793

Thus, the approximation of the solution by the Taylor method of order 4 at point x = 1

41=0.6227

The actual solution at x = 1

y(x)=1-e-xy(1)=0.632121

Now combining the approximation with the actual solution at x = 1

y(1)-21=0.00465y(1)-41=0.00933

Hence the solution is

2(1)=0.62744(1)=0.6227

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