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Determine graphically the solution set for each system of inequalities and indicate whether the solution set is bounded or unbounded. $$ \begin{array}{l} 3 x-6 y \leq 12 \\ -x+2 y \leq 4 \\ x \geq 0, y \geq 0 \end{array} $$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The solution set for the given system of inequalities is the intersection of the shaded areas for each inequality: \[ \begin{array}{l} y \geq \dfrac{1}{2}x - 2 \\ y \leq \dfrac{1}{2}x + 2 \\ x \geq 0, y \geq 0 \end{array} \] Graphically, this intersection forms a quadrilateral region with vertices at (0,0), (0,2), (4,0), and (4,4). This region is enclosed by lines and thus, the solution set is bounded.

Step by step solution

01

Rewrite inequalities in slope-intercept form

Let's rewrite each inequality in the slope-intercept form (y = mx + b): First inequality: \(3x - 6y \leq 12\) Divide by 6: \( y \geq \dfrac{1}{2}x - 2\) Second inequality: \(-x + 2y \leq 4\) Rewrite as: \( y \leq \dfrac{1}{2}x + 2\) Already in correct form: \(x \geq 0, y \geq 0\) Now, the inequalities are: \[ \begin{array}{l} y \geq \dfrac{1}{2}x - 2 \\ y \leq \dfrac{1}{2}x + 2 \\ x \geq 0, y \geq 0 \end{array} \]
02

Graph the inequalities

Now, we will graph each inequality on the coordinate plane. 1. \( y \geq \dfrac{1}{2}x - 2\): Plot the line \(y = \dfrac{1}{2}x - 2\) and shade the area above the line. 2. \( y \leq \dfrac{1}{2}x + 2\): Plot the line \(y = \dfrac{1}{2}x + 2\) and shade the area below the line. 3. \(x \geq 0\): Plot the line \(x = 0\) (the y-axis) and shade the area to the right of the line. 4. \(y \geq 0\): Plot the line \(y = 0\) (the x-axis) and shade the area above the line.
03

Find the intersection of the shaded areas

Now we have four shaded areas on the coordinate plane. The solution set lies within the intersection of all four shaded areas. Observe the graph and locate the region where all shaded areas overlap.
04

Determine if the solution set is bounded or unbounded

Once we find the intersection of the shaded areas from the previous step, we need to check if this region is bounded or unbounded. If the region is enclosed by lines/curves (it has a finite area), the solution set is bounded. If the region extends to infinity in some direction(s), the solution set is unbounded. Analyze the region found in Step 3 and decide if it is bounded or unbounded.
05

Write down the solution

Finally, based on the previous steps, we can write down the solution for the given system of inequalities, specifying the coordinates of the intersecting region (if bounded), and whether the solution set is bounded or unbounded.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Graphical Solution Set
Understanding the graphical solution set for a system of inequalities is critical for visualizing the constraints and feasible regions that satisfy the inequalities. To determine this graphically, each inequality needs to be represented as a line on the coordinate plane. The area corresponding to each inequality is then shaded. For instance, with an inequality like \( y \geq \frac{1}{2}x - 2 \), we graph the line \( y = \frac{1}{2}x - 2 \) and subsequently shade the region above it to represent all the points that satisfy the inequality.

When all inequalities of the system are graphed, the solution set is the region where all shaded areas overlap. Analyzing this visually allows us to see where all the conditions are met simultaneously. It's important for students to carefully plot each line with accuracy, using the slope and y-intercept, and to apply consistent shading techniques to clearly identify the solution set.

In our exercise, the overlapping shaded region gives the graphical solution set, which is the set of all points that satisfy each of the inequalities in the system. This visual aspect of the solution process helps students see the results of multiple inequalities working together and enhances their understanding of systems of inequalities.
Slope-Intercept Form
The slope-intercept form plays a pivotal role in graphing linear equations and inequalities. It is the equation of a line in the form \( y = mx + b \), where \( m \) is the slope and \( b \) is the y-intercept. This form allows for quick identification of how steep the line is and where it crosses the y-axis.

For example, in the system from our exercise, converting the inequalities to slope-intercept form reveals the slopes and y-intercepts of the corresponding lines, thus making graphing straightforward. The first inequality in slope-intercept form becomes \( y \geq \frac{1}{2}x - 2 \), indicating a slope of \( \frac{1}{2} \) and a y-intercept of \( -2 \). Similarly, the second inequality becomes \( y \leq \frac{1}{2}x + 2 \).

Students should be encouraged to practice rewriting equations in slope-intercept form as it simplifies creating the graphical representation of the solution set. Mastery of this concept aids in efficiently tackling various problems involving graphing lines and inequalities.
Bounded and Unbounded Regions
In the context of system of inequalities, regions can be classified as either bounded or unbounded. A bounded region is confined within a certain area on the graph, meaning it is enclosed by lines or curves, and does not extend indefinitely in any direction. In practice, this means you can draw a circle around the entire region without including any area where the system does not hold.

On the other hand, an unbounded region stretches out to infinity in at least one direction. When graphing the system, if any of the shaded areas continue indefinitely without being enclosed by lines, the region is unbounded. In our exercise, after identifying the shaded area that satisfies all inequalities, students need to observe if this intersection is finite (bounded) or infinite (unbounded).

Knowing whether a region is bounded or unbounded is essential in optimization problems, for example, where bounded regions usually have a maximum or minimum value that can be found, while unbounded regions may not. It's also crucial in real-world applications where boundaries are necessary to determine limits or capacities.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The water-supply manager for a Midwest city needs to supply the city with at least 10 million gal of potable (drinkable) water per day. The supply may be drawn from the local reservoir or from a pipeline to an adjacent town. The local reservoir has a maximum daily yield of 5 million gal of potable water, and the pipeline has a maximum daily yield of 10 million gallons. By contract, the pipeline is required to supply a minimum of 6 million gallons/day. If the cost for 1 million gallons of reservoir water is \(\$ 300\) and that for pipeline water is \(\$ 500\), how much water should the manager get from each source to minimize daily water costs for the city? What is the minimum daily cost?

Perth Mining Company operates two mines for the purpose of extracting gold and silver. The Saddle Mine costs \(\$ 14,000 /\) day to operate, and it yields 50 oz of gold and 3000 oz of silver per day. The Horseshoe Mine costs \(\$ 16,000 /\) day to operate, and it yields 75 oz of gold and 1000 ounces of silver per day. Company management has set a target of at least 650 oz of gold and 18,000 oz of silver a. How many days should each mine be operated so that the target can be met at a minimum cost? b. Find the range of values that the Saddle Mine's daily operating cost can assume without changing the optimal solution. c. Find the range of values that the requirement for gold can assume. d. Find the shadow price for the requirement for gold.

Determine graphically the solution set for each system of inequalities and indicate whether the solution set is bounded or unbounded. $$ \begin{array}{r} x+y \leq 6 \\ 0 \leq x \leq 3 \\ y \geq 0 \end{array} $$

Determine whether the statement is true or false. If it is true, explain why it is true. If it is false, give an example to show why it is false. Suppose you are given the following linear programming problem: Maximize \(P=a x+b y\), where \(a>0\) and \(b>0\), on the feasible set \(S\) shown in the accompanying figure. Explain, without using Theorem 1 , why the optimal solution of the linear programming problem cannot occur at the point \(Q\) unless the problem has infinitely many solutions lying along the line segment joining the vertices \(A\) and \(B\). Hint: Let \(A\left(x_{1}, y_{1}\right)\) and \(B\left(x_{2}, y_{2}\right)\). Then \(Q(\bar{x}, \bar{y})\), where \(\bar{x}=x_{1}+\) \(\left(x_{2}-x_{1}\right) t\) and \(\bar{y}=y_{1}+\left(y_{2}-y_{1}\right) t\) with \(0

You are given a linear programming problem. a. Use the method of corners to solve the problem. b. Find the range of values that the coefficient of \(x\) can assume without changing the optimal solution. c. Find the range of values that resource 1 (requirement 1) can assume. d. Find the shadow price for resource 1 (requirement 1). e. Identify the binding and nonbinding constraints. $$ \begin{array}{ll} \text { Maximize } & P=2 x+5 y \\ \text { subject to } & x+3 y \leq 15 \\ & 4 x+y \leq 16 \\ & x \geq 0, y \geq 0 \end{array} $$

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