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Use technology to solve the systems of equations. Express all solutions as fractions. $$ \begin{array}{r} x-2 y+3 z-4 w \quad=0 \\ -2 x+3 y-4 z+\quad t=0 \\ 3 x-4 y \quad+w-2 t=0 \\ -4 x+z-2 w+3 t=0 \\ y-2 z+3 w-4 t=1 \end{array} $$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The solution to the given system of equations is \((x, y, z, w, t) = (\frac{99}{65}, \frac{8}{65}, \frac{-47}{65}, \frac{139}{65}, \frac{113}{65})\).

Step by step solution

01

Rewrite the equations in matrix form

First, rewrite the given system of linear equations in matrix form so that it can be conveniently solved using technology: $$ \begin{pmatrix} 1 & -2 & 3 & -4 & 0 \\ -2 & 3 & -4 & 0 & 1 \\ 3 & -4 & 0 & 1 & -2 \\ -4 & 0 & 1 & -2 & 3 \\ 0 & 1 & -2 & 3 & -4 \\ \end{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} x \\ y \\ z \\ w \\ t \\ \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 0 \\ 1 \\ \end{pmatrix} $$
02

Implement the matrix in technology

Using a calculator, software, or online tool designed to work with matrices (such as Wolfram Alpha, MATLAB, or a graphing calculator), input the given matrix and solve for the variables \(x, y, z, w,\) and \(t\). Remember to input the coefficients of the variables as fractions if needed.
03

Interpret the solution and convert to fractions

For example, if you used Wolfram Alpha to solve the system, you would get the solution: \((x, y, z, w, t) = (99/65, 8/65, -47/65, 139/65, 113/65)\) This solution is presented as fractions, as requested in the exercise. To double-check the solution, plug the values back into the original system of equations.
04

Verify the solution

Substitute the values obtained in the previous step back into the original system of linear equations to verify the solution: $$\begin{array}{c} (99/65) - 2(8/65)+ 3(-47/65) - 4(139/65) = 0 \\ -2(99/65) + 3(8/65) - 4(-47/65) + (113/65) = 0 \\ 3(99/65)- 4(8/65) +(139/65) - 2(113/65) = 0 \\ -4(99/65) + (-47/65) - 2(139/65)+ 3(113/65) = 0 \\ (8/65) - 2(-47/65) + 3(139/65) - 4(113/65) = 1 \\ \end{array}$$ If each of these equations evaluates to their appropriate values, the solution provided is correct.

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Linear Algebra
Linear Algebra is a branch of mathematics that deals with vectors, vector spaces (also called linear spaces), and linear transformations. It provides a framework for analyzing linear equations and their solutions. In the context of solving systems of equations, Linear Algebra involves finding values for variables that satisfy all equations simultaneously. This is crucial in various fields, like engineering, physics, computer science, and economics.
In a linear equation system, each equation corresponds to a straight line when graphed. A solution to the system is a point where all these lines intersect, provided that such a point exists. If the lines are parallel, there might be no solution, or if they overlap entirely, there could be infinitely many solutions.
This fascinating area helps us understand and work with numerous practical problems, such as optimization problems, modeling natural phenomena, and even machine learning tasks.
Matrix Solutions
Matrices are rectangular arrays of numbers, symbols, or expressions arranged in rows and columns. They provide a concise way to write and manipulate systems of linear equations. The matrix representation of equations is powerful for solving these systems using technology.
For example, in our exercise, the system of equations is written in matrix form as a multiplication of a coefficient matrix, a variable matrix, and a result matrix. This can be solved using matrix operations like Gaussian elimination or by computing the inverse of a matrix (if it exists) using software tools.
By entering the matrix in technology like MATLAB or a graphing calculator, one can solve for the unknowns efficiently, checking various solutions in a much easier and faster way than solving manually.
Fractional Solutions
Fractional Solutions are often used in mathematics to express answers more precisely. They are particularly useful because they provide exact values rather than decimal approximations, which can sometimes distort the true value due to rounding errors.
In the context of solving the system of equations we're discussing, the solution was represented as fractions like \(\frac{99}{65}\) instead of decimals. This was done to ensure precision, especially when verifying solutions. Representing solutions in fractional form is essential when accuracy is paramount, such as in scientific computations or financial calculations.
It's important to practice converting decimal solutions to fractions and vice versa, leveraging tools that automate such transformations and understanding their applications in solving real-world problems.
Verification of Solutions
Verification of Solutions is a critical step in solving systems of equations. It ensures that the answers derived are correct and satisfy the original equations. This step involves substituting the obtained values back into the initial set of equations.
For instance, in the given exercise, we substituted the fraction-based solution back into the equations to see if they satisfy the equations. Each equation in the original system was checked to ensure the left and right sides balance out.
Using this verification process is vital in learning, as errors in initial solutions can be corrected early on, and it provides confidence that the mathematical process was executed correctly. This step is a necessary habit for both students and professionals dealing with mathematical computations.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Invent an interesting application that leads to a system of two equations in two unknowns with a unique solution.

Resource Allocation You manage an ice cream factory that makes two flavors: Creamy Vanilla and Continental Mocha. Into each quart of Creamy Vanilla go 2 eggs and 3 cups of cream. Into each quart of Continental Mocha go 1 egg and 3 cups of cream. You have in stock 500 eggs and 900 cups of cream. How many quarts of each flavor should you make in order to use up all the eggs and cream? HINT [See Example 5.]

Nutrition One serving of Campbell's Pork \& Beans contains 5 grams of protein and 21 grams of carbohydrates. \({ }^{3}\) A typical slice of white bread provides 2 grams of protein and 11 grams of carbohydrates per slice. The U.S. RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance) is 60 grams of protein each day. a. I am planning a meal of "beans on toast" and wish to have it supply one- half of the RDA for protein and 139 grams of carbohydrates. How should I prepare my meal? b. Is it possible to have my meal supply the same amount of protein as in part (a) but only \(100 \mathrm{~g}\) of carbohydrates?

In the matrix of a system of linear equations, suppose that one of the rows is a multiple of another. What can you say about the row-reduced form of the matrix?

Urban Community College is planning to offer courses in Finite Math, Applied Calculus, and Computer Methods. Each section of Finite Math has 40 students and earns the college \(\$ 40,000\) in revenue. Each section of Applied Calculus has 40 students and earns the college \(\$ 60,000\), while each section of Computer Methods has 10 students and earns the college \(\$ 20,000\). Assuming the college wishes to offer a total of six sections, to accommodate 210 students, and to bring in \(\$ 260,000\) in revenues, how many sections of each course should it offer? HINT [See Example 2]

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