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Chapter 4: Q19 (page 175)
In Exercises 5鈥�36, express all probabilities as fractions.
ZIP Code If you randomly select five digits, each between 0 and 9, with repetition allowed, what is the probability you will get the author鈥檚 ZIP code?
The probability of getting the author鈥檚 ZIP code is equal to.
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Odds. In Exercises 41鈥�44, answer the given questions that involve odds.
Kentucky Pick 4 In the Kentucky Pick 4 lottery, you can place a 鈥渟traight鈥� bet of \(1 by selecting the exact order of four digits between 0 and 9 inclusive (with repetition allowed), so the probability of winning is 1/10,000. If the same four numbers are drawn in the same order, you collect \)5000, so your net profit is $4999.
a. Find the actual odds against winning.
b. Find the payoff odds.
c. The website www.kylottery.com indicates odds of 1:10,000 for this bet. Is that description accurate?
In Exercises 25鈥�32, find the probability and answer the questions. Mendelian Genetics When Mendel conducted his famous genetics experiments with peas, one sample of offspring consisted of 428 green peas and 152 yellow peas. Based on those results, estimate the probability of getting an offspring pea that is green. Is the result reasonably close to the expected value of 3/4, as Mendel claimed?
In Exercises 21鈥�24, refer to the sample data in Table 4-1, which is included with the Chapter Problem. Assume that 1 of the 555 subjects included in Table 4-1 is randomly selected.
Positive Test Result (Test shows drug use) | Negative Test Result (Test shows no drug use) | |
Subject Uses Drugs | 45 (True Positive) | 5 (False Negative) |
Subject Does Not Use drugs | 25 (False Positive) | 480 (True Negative) |
Drug Testing Job Applicants Find the probability of selecting someone who does not use drugs. Does the result appear to be reasonable as an estimate of the proportion of the adult population that does not use drugs?
Probability of At Least One Let A = the event of getting at least 1 defective iPhone when 3 iPhones are randomly selected with replacement from a batch. If 5% of the iPhones in a batch are defective and the other 95% are all good, which of the following are correct?
a. = (0.95)(0.95)(0.95) = 0.857
b. P(A) = 1 - (0.95)(0.95)(0.95) = 0.143
c. P(A) = (0.05)(0.05)(0.05) = 0.000125
Using Probability to Form Conclusions. In Exercises 37鈥�40, use the given probability value todeterminewhether the sample results could easily occur by chance, then form a conclusion.
Predicting Gender A study addressed the issue of whether pregnant women can correctly predict the gender of their baby. Among 104 pregnant women, 57 correctly predicted the gender of their baby (based on data from 鈥淎re Women Carrying 鈥楤asketballs鈥�. . . ,鈥� by Perry, DiPietro, Constigan, Birth, Vol. 26, No. 3). If pregnant women have no such ability, there is a 0.327 probability of getting such sample results by chance. What do you conclude?
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