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In Exercises 13–20, express the indicated degree of likelihood as a probability value between 0 and 1.

SAT Test When making a random guess for an answer to a multiple-choice question on an SAT test, the possible answers are a, b, c, d, e, so there is 1 chance in 5 of being correct.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The probability of getting the correct answer in a multiple-choice question is 0.2.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

For a multiple-choice question, there are five options (a, b, c, d, e).

There are 1 in 5 chances of getting the correct answer.

02

Define probability

Probability is a number that tells the likelihood of the occurrence of an event.

It is computed using the formula

PA=NumberofoutcomesinwhichAislikelytooccurTotalnumberofoutcomes

03

Calculate the probability 

Here, the total number of answers for a multiple-choice question is five.

There is 1 in 5 chances to get the correct answer.

It means the number of correct answers is 1.

Considering that all the choices are equally likely to occur, the probability of getting the correct answer is

Pcorrectchoice=NumberofcorrectchoicesTotalnumberofchoices=15=0.2

Therefore, the probability of choosing the correct answer is 0.2.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In Exercises 5–36, express all probabilities as fractions.

Electricity When testing for current in a cable with five color-coded wires, the author used a meter to test two wires at a time. How many different tests are required for every possible pairing of two wires?

In Exercises 5–36, express all probabilities as fractions.

Morse Codes The International Morse code is a way of transmitting coded text by using sequences of on/off tones. Each character is 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 segments long, and each segment is either a dot or a dash. For example, the letter G is transmitted as two dashes followed by a dot, as in — — •. How many different characters are possible with this scheme? Are there enough characters for the alphabet and numbers?

In Exercises 21–24, refer to the sample data in Table 4-1, which is included with the Chapter Problem. Assume that 1 of the 555 subjects included in Table 4-1 is randomly selected.


Positive Test Result

(Test shows drug use)

Negative Test Result

(Test shows no drug use)

Subject Uses Drugs

45 (True Positive)

5 (False Negative)

Subject Does Not Use drugs

25 (False Positive)

480 (True Negative)

Drug Testing Job Applicants Find the probability of selecting someone who got a result that is a false negative. Who would suffer from a false negative result? Why?

In Exercises 9–20, use the data in the following table, which lists drive-thru order accuracy at popular fast food chains (data from a QSR Drive-Thru Study). Assume that orders are randomly selected from those included in the table.

²Ñ³¦¶Ù´Ç²Ô²¹±ô»å’s

Burger King

°Â±ð²Ô»å²â’s

Taco Bell

Order Accurate

329

264

249

145

OrderNotAccurate

33

54

31

13

Fast Food Drive-Thru Accuracy If one order is selected, find the probability of getting an order from ²Ñ³¦¶Ù´Ç²Ô²¹±ô»å’s or °Â±ð²Ô»å²â’s or an order that is not accurate.

In Exercises 9–20, use the data in the following table, which lists drive-thru order accuracy at popular fast food chains (data from a QSR Drive-Thru Study). Assume that orders are randomly selected from those included in the table.

²Ñ³¦¶Ù´Ç²Ô²¹±ô»å’s

Burger King

°Â±ð²Ô»å²â’s

Taco Bell

Order Accurate

329

264

249

145

OrderNotAccurate

33

54

31

13

Fast Food Drive-Thru Accuracy If two orders are selected, find the probability that they are both from Taco Bell.

a. Assume that the selections are made with replacement. Are the events independent?

b. Assume that the selections are made without replacement. Are the events independent?

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