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Chapter 4: Q1 (page 166)
Language: Complement of 鈥淎t Least One鈥� Let A = the event of getting at least one defective iPhone when 3 iPhones are randomly selected with replacement from a batch. Write a statement describing event.
is the event of getting no defective iPhone out of the three selected iPhones.
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In Exercises 17鈥�20, refer to the accompanying table showing results from a Chembio test for hepatitis C among HIV-infected patients (based on data from a variety of sources).
Positive Test Result | Negative Test Result | |
Hepatitis C | 335 | 10 |
No Hepatitis C | 2 | 1153 |
Negative Predictive Value Find the negative predictive value for the test. That is, find the probability that a subject does not have hepatitis C, given that the test yields a negative result. Does the result make the test appear to be effective?
Redundancy. Exercises 25 and 26 involve redundancy.
Redundancy in Hospital Generators Hospitals typically require backup generators to provide electricity in the event of a power outage. Assume that emergency backup generators fail 22% of the times when they are needed (based on data from Arshad Mansoor, senior vice president with the Electric Power Research Institute). A hospital has two backup generators so that power is available if one of them fails during a power outage.
a. Find the probability that both generators fail during a power outage.
b. Find the probability of having a working generator in the event of a power outage. Is that probability high enough for the hospital?
In Exercises 25鈥�32, find the probability and answer the questions.
X-Linked Genetic Disease Men have XY (or YX) chromosomes and women have XX chromosomes. X-linked recessive genetic diseases (such as juvenile retinoschisis) occur when there is a defective X chromosome that occurs without a paired X chromosome that is not defective. In the following, represent a defective X chromosome with lowercase x, so a child with the xY or Yx pair of chromosomes will have the disease and a child with XX or XY or YX or xX or Xx will not have the disease. Each parent contributes one of the chromosomes to the child.
a. If a father has the defective x chromosome and the mother has good XX chromosomes, what is the probability that a son will inherit the disease?
b. If a father has the defective x chromosome and the mother has good XX chromosomes, what is the probability that a daughter will inherit the disease? c. If a mother has one defective x chromosome and one good X chromosome and the father has good XY chromosomes, what is the probability that a son will inherit the disease?
d. If a mother has one defective x chromosome and one good X chromosome and the father has good XY chromosomes, what is the probability that a daughter will inherit the disease?
In Exercises 9鈥�20, use the data in the following table, which lists drive-thru order accuracy at popular fast food chains (data from a QSR Drive-Thru Study). Assume that orders are randomly selected from those included in the table.
惭肠顿辞苍补濒诲鈥檚 | Burger King | 奥别苍诲测鈥檚 | Taco Bell | |
Order Accurate | 329 | 264 | 249 | 145 |
OrderNotAccurate | 33 | 54 | 31 | 13 |
Fast Food Drive-Thru Accuracy If one order is selected, find the probability of getting food that is not from 惭肠顿辞苍补濒诲鈥檚.
In Exercises 13鈥�20, express the indicated degree of likelihood as a probability value between 0 and 1.
Randomness When using a computer to randomly generate the last digit of a phone number to be called for a survey, there is 1 chance in 10 that the last digit is zero
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