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Chapter 1: Q6 (page 9)
Determine whether the given source has the potential to create bias in a statistical study.
Arsenic in Rice. Amounts of arsenic in samples of rice grown in Texas were measured by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
No, there is no potential for bias in the study.
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In Exercises 21-28,determine which of the four levels of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) is most appropriate.
Body Temperatures: Body temperatures (in degrees Fahrenheit) listed in Data Set 3 鈥淏ody Temperatures鈥� in Appendix B.
Exercises 5鈥�8 refer to the study of an association between which ear is used for cell phone calls and whether the subject is left-handed or right-handed. The study is reported in 鈥淗emispheric Dominance and Cell Phone Use,鈥� by Seidman et al., JAMA Otolaryngology鈥� Head & Neck Surgery, Vol. 139, No. 5. The study began with a survey e-mailed to 5000 people belonging to an otology online group, and 717 surveys were returned. (Otology relates to the ear and hearing.)
Response Rate What percentage of the 5000 surveys were returned? Does that response rate appear to be low? In general, what is a problem with a very low response rate?
What鈥檚 Wrong? In Exercises 25鈥�28, identify what is wrong.
Potatoes In a poll sponsored by the Idaho Potato Commission, 1000 adults were asked to select their favorite vegetables, and the favorite choice was potatoes, which were selected by 26% of the respondents.
Online Medical Info. USA Today posted this question on its website: 鈥淗ow often do you seek medical information online?鈥� Of 1072 Internet users who chose to respond, 38% of them responded with 鈥渇requently.鈥� What term is used to describe this type of survey in which the people surveyed consist of those who decided to respond? What is wrong with this type of sampling method?
Question: Reported versus Measured. In a survey of 1046 adults conducted by Bradley Corporation, subjects were asked how often they wash their hands when using a public restroom, and 70% of the respondents said 鈥渁lways.鈥�
a. Identify the sample and the population.
b. Why would better results be obtained by observing hand washing instead of asking about it?
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