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Chapter 1: Q10CQQ (page 1)
Sampling In a statistical study, which of the following types of samples is generally best: convenience sample, voluntary response sample, simple random sample, biased sample?
Simple random sampling is generally the best.
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Colleges in United States Currently, there are 4612 colleges in the United States, and the number of full-time students is 13,203,477.
a. Are the numbers of full-time students at different colleges discrete or continuous?
b. What is the level of measurement for the numbers of full-time students at colleges? (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio)
c. What is wrong with surveying college students by mailing questionnaires to 10,000 of them who are randomly selected?
d. If we randomly select 50 full-time college students in each of the 50 states, what type of sample is obtained? (random, systematic, convenience, stratified, cluster)
e. If we randomly select four colleges and survey all of their full-time students, what type of sample is obtained? (random, systematic, convenience, stratified, cluster)
Back Pain Treatment In a study designed to test the effectiveness of paracetamol (or acetaminophen) as a treatment for lower back pain, 1643 patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) the 547 subjects in the placebo group were given pills containing no medication; (2) 550 subjects were in a group given pills with paracetamol taken at regular intervals; (3) 546 subjects were in a group given pills with paracetamol to be taken when needed for pain relief. (See 鈥淓ffcacy of Paracetamol for Acute Low-Back Pain,鈥� by Williams, et al., Lancet, doi:10.1016>S0140-6736(14)60805-9.) Is this study an experiment or an observational study? Explain.
Online Medical Info. USA Today posted this question on its website: 鈥淗ow often do you seek medical information online?鈥� Of 1072 Internet users who chose to respond, 38% of them responded with 鈥渇requently.鈥� What term is used to describe this type of survey in which the people surveyed consist of those who decided to respond? What is wrong with this type of sampling method?
In Exercises 29鈥�36, answer the given questions, which are related to percentages.
Workplace Attire In a survey conducted by Opinion Research Corporation, 1000 adults were asked to identify 鈥渨hat is inappropriate in the workplace.鈥� Of the 1000 subjects, 70% said that miniskirts were not appropriate in the workplace.
a. What is 70% of 1000?
b. Among the 1000 respondents, 550 said that shorts are unacceptable in the workplace. What percentage of respondents said that shorts are unacceptable in the workplace?
In Exercises 29鈥�36, answer the given questions, which are related to percentages.
Marriage Proposals In a survey conducted by TheKnot.com, 1165 engaged or married women were asked about the importance of a bended knee when making a marriage proposal. Among the 1165 respondents, 48% said that the bended knee was essential.
a. What is the exact value that is 48% of 1165 survey respondents?
b. Could the result from part (a) be the actual number of survey subjects who said that a bended knee is essential? Why or why not?
c. What is the actual number of survey respondents saying that the bended knee is essential?
d. Among the 1165 respondents, 93 said that a bended knee is corny and outdated. What percentage of respondents said that a bended knee is corny and outdated?
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