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Chapter 8: Q. 9.8 (page 357)
What is the relation between the significance level of a hypothesis test and the probability of making a Type I error?
A type 1 mistake arises when a null hypothesis is rejected. The significance level of a hypothesis test is the risk of Type 1 error.
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The Ericsson method is one of several methods claimed to increase the likelihood of a baby girl. In a clinical trial, results could be analysed with a formal hypothesis test with the alternative hypothesis of p>0.5, which corresponds to the claim that the method increases the likelihood of having a girl, so that the proportion of girls is greater than 0.5. If you have an interest in establishing the success of the method, which of the following P-values would you prefer: 0.999, 0.5, 0.95, 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001? Why?
Identifying and . In Exercises 5鈥�8, do the following:
a. Express the original claim in symbolic form.
b. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses.
Cell Phone Claim: Fewer than 95% of adults have a cell phone. In a Marist poll of 1128 adults, 87% said that they have a cell phone.
Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises 9鈥�32, test the given claim. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, or critical value(s), then state the conclusion about the null hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method unless your instructor specifies otherwise. Use the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution, as described in Part 1 of this section.
OxyContin The drug OxyContin (oxycodone) is used to treat pain, but it is dangerous because it is addictive and can be lethal. In clinical trials, 227 subjects were treated with OxyContin and 52 of them developed nausea (based on data from Purdue Pharma L.P.). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that more than 20% of OxyContin users develop nausea. Does the rate of nausea appear to be too high?
Technology. In Exercises 9鈥�12, test the given claim by using the display provided from technology. Use a 0.05 significance level. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses, test statistic, P-value (or range of P-values), or critical value(s), and state the final conclusion that addresses the original claim.
Airport Data Speeds Data Set 32 鈥淎irport Data Speeds鈥� in Appendix B includes Sprint data speeds (mbps). The accompanying TI-83/84 Plus display results from using those data to test the claim that they are from a population having a mean less than 4.00 Mbps. Conduct the hypothesis test using these results.
Heights of Supermodels Listed below are the heights (cm) for the simple random sample of female supermodels Lima, Bundchen, Ambrosio, Ebanks, Iman, Rubik, Kurkova, Kerr,Kroes, Swanepoel, Prinsloo, Hosk, Kloss, Robinson, Heatherton, and Refaeli. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that supermodels have heights with a mean that is greater than the mean height of 162 cm for women in the general population. Given that there are only 16 heights represented, can we really conclude that supermodels are taller than the typical woman?
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