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Chapter 8: Q. 9.56 (page 370)
We have given the P-value for a hypothesis test. For each exercise determine the strength of the evidence against null hypothesis.
Given
The P-value in this case is 0.06, which is higher than 0.10.
As can be seen from the conditions, there is some evidence against the null hypothesis.
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Iron Deficiency? Iron is essential to most life forms and to normal human physiology. It is an integral part of many proteins and enzymes that maintain good health. Recommendations for iron are provided in Dietary Reference Intakes, developed by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences. The recommended enzymes that maintain good health. Recommendations for iron are provided in Dietary Reference Intakes, developed by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of iron for adult females under the age of 51 years is 18 milligrams (mg) per day. A hypothesis test is to be performed to decide whether adult females under the age of 51 years are, on average, getting less than the RDA of 18 mg of iron.
Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises 9鈥�32, test the given claim. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, or critical value(s), then state the conclusion about the null hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method unless your instructor specifies otherwise. Use the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution, as described in Part 1 of this section.
Testing Effectiveness of Nicotine Patches In one study of smokers who tried to quit smoking with nicotine patch therapy, 39 were smoking one year after the treatment and 32 were not smoking one year after the treatment (based on data from 鈥淗igh-Dose Nicotine Patch Therapy,鈥� by Dale et al., Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 274, No. 17). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that among smokers who try to quit with nicotine patch therapy, the majority are smoking one year after the treatment. Do these results suggest that the nicotine patch therapy is not effective?
True/False Characterize each of the following statements as being true or false.
a. In a hypothesis test, a very high P-value indicates strong support of the alternative hypothesis.
b. The Student t distribution can be used to test a claim about a population mean whenever the sample data are randomly selected from a normally distributed population.
c. When using a x2 distribution to test a claim about a population standard deviation, there is a very loose requirement that the sample data are from a population having a normal distribution.
d. When conducting a hypothesis test about the claimed proportion of adults who have current passports, the problems with a convenience sample can be overcome by using a larger sample size.
e. When repeating the same hypothesis test with different random samples of the same size, the conclusions will all be the same.
Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises 9鈥�32, test the given claim. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, or critical value(s), then state the conclusion about the null hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method unless your instructor specifies otherwise. Use the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution, as described in Part 1 of this section.
Mendelian Genetics When Mendel conducted his famous genetics experiments with peas, one sample of offspring consisted of 428 green peas and 152 yellow peas. Use a 0.01 significance level to test Mendel鈥檚 claim that under the same circumstances, 25% of offspring peas will be yellow. What can we conclude about Mendel鈥檚 claim?
Lead in Medicine Listed below are the lead concentrations (in ) measured in different Ayurveda medicines. Ayurveda is a traditional medical system commonly used in India. The lead concentrations listed here are from medicines manufactured in the United States (based on data from 鈥淟ead, Mercury, and Arsenic in US and Indian Manufactured Ayurvedic Medicines Sold via the Internet,鈥� by Saper et al., Journal of the American Medical Association,Vol. 300, No. 8). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the mean lead concentration for all such medicines is less than 14 .
3.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 20.5 7.5 12.0 20.5 11.5 17.5
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