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Constructing and Interpreting Confidence Intervals. In Exercises 13鈥16, use the given sample data and confidence level. In each case, (a) find the best point estimate of the population proportion p; (b) identify the value of the margin of error E; (c) construct the confidence interval; (d) write a statement that correctly interprets the confidence interval.

Survey Return Rate In a study of cell phone use and brain hemispheric dominance, an Internet survey was e-mailed to 5000 subjects randomly selected from an online group involved with ears. 717 surveys were returned. Construct a 90% confidence interval for the proportion of returned surveys.

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a)Thebest point estimate of the proportion of surveys that were returnedis equal to 0.143.

(b)The margin of error is equal to 0.0082.

(c)The 90% confidence interval estimate of the population proportion of surveys that were returned is equal to (0.135, 0.152).

(d) There is 90% confidence that the true proportion of surveys that were returned will lie between the values 0.135 and 0.152.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

In a sample of emails of surveys sent to 5000 subjects, 717 surveys were returned.

02

Compute the sample proportion

(a)

The best point estimate of the proportion of surveys that were returned is computed below:

p^=7175000=0.143

Thus, the sample proportion of surveys that were returned and equal to 0.143 is the best point estimate of the proportion of surveys that were returned.

03

Compute the margin of error

(b)

The confidence level is equal to 90%. Thus, the corresponding level of significance is equal to 0.10.

From the standard normal distribution table, the right-tailed value of z2for is equal to 1.645.

The margin of error is calculated below:

E=1.6450.1430.8575000=0.0082

Thus, the margin of error is equal to 0.0082.

04

Compute the confidence interval

(c)

The formula for computing the confidence interval estimate of the population proportion is written below:

CI=p^-E,p^+E

The 90% confidence interval becomes equal to:

CI=0.143-0.0082,0.143+0.0082=0.135,0.152

Therefore, the 90% confidence interval estimate of the population proportion of surveys that were returned is equal to (0.135, 0.152).

05

Interpretation of the confidence interval

(d)

There is 90% confidence that the true proportion of surveys that were returned will lie between the values 0.135 and 0.152.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Chickenpox : You plan to conduct a survey to estimate the percentage of adults who have had chickenpox. Find the number of people who must be surveyed if you want to be 90% confident that the sample percentage is within two percentage points of the true percentage for the population of all adults.

a. Assume that nothing is known about the prevalence of chickenpox.

b. Assume that about 95% of adults have had chickenpox.

c. Does the added knowledge in part (b) have much of an effect on the sample size?

Critical Thinking. In Exercises 17鈥28, use the data and confidence level to construct a confidence interval estimate of p, then address the given question.

Medication UsageIn a survey of 3005 adults aged 57 through 85 years, it was found that 81.7% of them used at least one prescription medication (based on data from 鈥淯se of Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medications and Dietary Supplements Among Older Adults in the United States,鈥 by Qato et al.,Journal of the American Medical Association,Vol. 300, No. 24).

a.How many of the 3005 subjects used at least one prescription medication?

b.Construct a 90% confidence interval estimate of thepercentageof adults aged 57 through 85 years who use at least one prescription medication.

c.What do the results tell us about the proportion of college students who use at least one prescription medication?

Formats of Confidence Intervals.

In Exercises 9鈥12, express the confidence interval using the indicated format. (The confidence intervals are based on the proportions of red, orange, yellow, and blue M&Ms in Data Set 27 鈥淢&M Weights鈥 in Appendix B.)

Red M&Ms Express 0.0434 < p < 0.217 in the form ofp+E

In Exercises 9鈥16, assume that each sample is a simple random sample obtained from a population with a normal distribution.

Highway Speeds Listed below are speeds (mi/h) measured from southbound traffic onI-280 near Cupertino, California (based on data from Sig Alert). This simple random sample was obtained at 3:30 PM on a weekday. Use the sample data to construct a 95% confidence interval estimate of the population standard deviation. Does the confidence interval describe the standard deviation for all times during the week?

62 61 61 57 61 54 59 58 59 69 60 67

Atkins Weight Loss Program In a test of weight loss programs, 40 adults used the Atkins weight loss program. After 12 months, their mean weight loss was found to be 2.1 lb, with a standard deviation of 4.8 lb. Construct a 90% confidence interval estimate of the mean weight loss for all such subjects. Does the Atkins program appear to be effective? Does it appear to be practical?

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