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In Exercises 15鈥20, assume that random guesses are made for eight multiple choice questions on an SAT test, so that there are n = 8 trials, each with probability of success (correct) given by p = 0.20. Find the indicated probability for the number of correct answers.

Find the probability that the number x of correct answers is exactly 7.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The probability of getting seven correct answers is equal to 0.00008192.

Step by step solution

01

Given information

A set of eight multiple-choice questions are answered in the SAT. The probability of a correct answer is given to be equal to 0.20.

02

Required probability

Let X denote the number of correct answers.

Let success be defined as getting a correct answer.

Thus, the number of trials (n) is given to be equal to 8.

The probability of success (getting a correct answer) is p=0.20.

The probability of failure (getting a wrong answer) is obtained in the following manner:

q=1-p=1-0.20=0.80

The number of successes required in eight trials is x=7.

By using the binomial probability formula, the probability of getting seven correct answers is computed in the following manner:

PX=x=nCxpxqn-xPX=7=8C70.2070.801=8!7!1!0.2070.801=0.00008192

Therefore, the probability of getting seven correct answers is equal to 0.00008192.

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Number of girls x

P(x)

0

0.004

1

0.031

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0.109

3

0.219

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0.172

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In Exercises 15鈥20, refer to the accompanying table, which describes results from groups of 8 births from 8 different sets of parents. The random variable x represents the number of girls among 8 children.

Using Probabilities for Significant Events

a. Find the probability of getting exactly 7 girls in 8 births.

b. Find the probability of getting 7 or more girls in 8 births.

c. Which probability is relevant for determining whether 7 is a significantly high number ofgirls in 10 births: the result from part (a) or part (b)?

d. Is 7 a significantly high number of girls in 8 births? Why or why not?

Number of girls x

P(x)

0

0.004

1

0.031

2

0.109

3

0.219

4

0.273

5

0.219

6

0.109

7

0.031

8

0.004

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