/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 41 For Problems \(39-42,\) sketch t... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

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For Problems \(39-42,\) sketch the region of integration then rewrite the integral with the order of integration reversed. $$\int_{-3}^{3} \int_{0}^{9-x^{2}} f(x, y) d y d x$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
\( \int_{0}^{9} \int_{-\sqrt{9-y}}^{\sqrt{9-y}} f(x, y) \, d x \, d y \)

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Region of Integration

The given integral is \( \int_{-3}^{3} \int_{0}^{9-x^{2}} f(x, y) \, d y \, d x \). The integration limits for \( y \) are from \( 0 \) to \( 9-x^2 \) and for \( x \) from \(-3\) to \(3\). This suggests that for each \( x \), \( y \) varies from 0 to a maximum of \( 9-x^2 \), which describes the region beneath the parabola \( y = 9 - x^2 \) and above the x-axis from \( x = -3 \) to \( x = 3 \).
02

Sketch the Region of Integration

Plot the parabola \( y = 9 - x^2 \), which opens downwards with its vertex at \((0, 9)\), and crosses the x-axis at points where \( 9-x^2 = 0 \), solving gives \( x = -3 \) and \( x = 3 \). The region of integration is enclosed by the parabola from \( x = -3 \) to \( x = 3 \) and above the x-axis.
03

Determine New Limits of Integration

To reverse the order of integration, we need to integrate with respect to \( x \) first. From the sketch, for a fixed \( y \) with \( 0 \leq y \leq 9 \), \( x \) ranges between the left side \( -\sqrt{9-y} \) and the right side \( \sqrt{9-y} \).
04

Rewrite the Integral with Reversed Order

The new order of integration has \( y \) as the outer integral going from 0 to 9, and \( x \) as the inner integral going from \( -\sqrt{9-y} \) to \( \sqrt{9-y} \). The rewritten integral is: \[ \int_{0}^{9} \int_{-\sqrt{9-y}}^{\sqrt{9-y}} f(x, y) \ d x \ d y \]

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Order of Integration
When dealing with double integrals, the order of integration refers to the sequence in which the integrations are performed. In the given problem, the initial order of integration is with respect to \( y \) first and \( x \) second, represented by the integral \(\int_{-3}^{3} \int_{0}^{9-x^{2}} f(x, y) \,dy \,dx\). This means we first integrate the function with respect to \( y \) for a fixed \( x \), and later integrate the resultant function with respect to \( x \).
Reversing the order of integration becomes necessary when it simplifies computation or when the provided functions or region makes one order more complicated. To reverse the order, one must analyze the region of integration and adjust the limits accordingly, as demonstrated when transforming it to \( \int_{0}^{9} \int_{-\sqrt{9-y}}^{\sqrt{9-y}} f(x, y) \, dx \, dy \). This new order simplifies the process by integrating with respect to \( x \) first, within limits defined by the function \( x = \pm \sqrt{9-y} \), and subsequently with respect to \( y \).
In practical terms, mastering the skill to switch between orders can make solving integrals more intuitive and manageable.
Region of Integration
The region of integration is crucial in setting up a double integral. It defines the space within which we perform the integration. In the original exercise, this region is bounded above by the parabola \(y = 9 - x^2\) and below by the x-axis, with \( x \) ranging from \(-3\) to \( 3\). This transforms into a parabolic area, symmetric about the y-axis, as the parabola opens downwards with vertex \((0, 9)\).
Sketching this region clarifies that for every \(x\) between \(-3\) and \( 3\), \(y\) varies from \(0\) to \(9-x^2\). When sketching: - Draw the x-axis and y-axis. - Plot the vertex of the parabola at \((0,9)\) and find the points where it intersects the x-axis, at \(x = -3\) and \(x = 3\).- Shade the area beneath the parabola but above the x-axis.This visualization aids in understanding how the boundaries change when the order of integration is reversed, which is particularly useful for students learning to navigate variable limits in double integrations.
Limits of Integration
The limits of integration in a double integral determine where the function is evaluated within the plane. For the initial order, the limits are \( y \)-values from \( 0 \) to \( 9-x^2 \) and \( x \)-values from \(-3\) to \(3\).
Adjusting these limits is key when reversing the order of integration. Initially, the limits made clear that for any \( x \), \( y \) could range between \(0\) and \(9-x^2\). However, to switch the order, you need the limits for \( x \) when \( y \) is held constant. Thus, \( x \) ranges from \(-\sqrt{9-y}\) to \(\sqrt{9-y}\) for \( y \) values between \(0\) and \(9\).
Understanding these transitions is important in tackling double integrals. The limits are derived by considering the equations of the boundary curves and how they intersect with horizontal or vertical lines. This insight helps to visualize what's bounded and unbounded, ensuring correct integration and preventing errors that can arise from misinterpreted graphs and equations. 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