Chapter 11: Q. 25 (page 889)
Find the arc length of the curves defined by the vector-valued functions on the specified intervals in Exercises 22鈥27.
Short Answer
The arc length of curve.
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Chapter 11: Q. 25 (page 889)
Find the arc length of the curves defined by the vector-valued functions on the specified intervals in Exercises 22鈥27.
The arc length of curve.
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Given a twice-differentiable vector-valued function and a point in its domain, what are the geometric relationships between the unit tangent vector , the principal unit normal vector , and?
Find parametric equations for each of the vector-valued functions in Exercises 26鈥34, and sketch the graphs of the functions, indicating the direction for increasing values of t.
The DNA molecule takes the shape of a double helix鈥攖wo helices that stay a roughly uniform distance apart.
(a) Neglecting actual dimensions, we can model one strand of DNA using the vector function .
Sketch the graph of . What is the effect of the parameter ?
(b) The second strand of DNA can be constructed by shifting the first. Does the graph of ever intersect that of ?
(c) The distance between two curves is the minimum distance between any two points on the curves. What is the distance between and if ? (Hint: Write two points on the curves using parameters and , expand the formula for the distance between them, and then use a trigonometric identity for addition. Then let
and minimize.).

Given a twice-differentiable vector-valued function , why does the principal unit normal vector point into the curve?
Let be a differentiable vector function such that for every value of . Prove that is a constant.
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