/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 31 A tree of height \(y\) meters ha... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91Ó°ÊÓ

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A tree of height \(y\) meters has, on average, \(B\) branches, where \(B=y-1 .\) Each branch has, on average, \(n\) leaves, where \(n=2 B^{2}-B .\) Find the average number of leaves on a tree as a function of height.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The function for the average number of leaves is \( L(y) = 2y^3 - 7y^2 + 8y - 3 \).

Step by step solution

01

Establish the Relationship for Branches

The problem states that for a tree of height \( y \) meters, the average number of branches \( B \) is given by the equation \( B = y - 1 \).
02

Define the Formula for Leaves per Branch

Each branch has an average of \( n \) leaves, where \( n = 2B^2 - B \). This formula expresses the average number of leaves on one branch as a function of the number of branches \( B \).
03

Substitute Branch Formula into Leaves Formula

To find the average number of leaves on the entire tree, substitute \( B = y - 1 \) into the leaves equation. Thus, \( n = 2(y-1)^2 - (y-1) \).
04

Calculate Total Leaves on the Tree

The average number of leaves on the whole tree is \( B \times n \). Plugging in our expressions, we have:\[ \text{Total Leaves} = (y-1) \times (2(y-1)^2 - (y-1)) \].
05

Simplify the Function for Total Leaves

Expand and simplify the expression:1. Substitute and expand \((y-1)^2 = y^2 - 2y + 1 \) in \( 2(y-1)^2 = 2(y^2 - 2y + 1) = 2y^2 - 4y + 2 \).2. Therefore, \( n = 2y^2 - 4y + 2 - (y-1) = 2y^2 - 4y + 2 - y + 1 = 2y^2 - 5y + 3 \).3. So, \( \text{Total Leaves} = (y-1)(2y^2 - 5y + 3) \).After calculating, the function is refined to a polynomial form \( 2y^3 - 7y^2 + 8y - 3 \).
06

Conclude with the Final Function

The average number of leaves on the tree, as a function of its height \( y \), is given by:\[ L(y) = 2y^3 - 7y^2 + 8y - 3 \].

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Tree Height Model
When modeling natural phenomena like a tree, it's important to define how different attributes of the tree relate to one another. One key attribute is the tree's height. The model used in this problem shows that the height of a tree has a direct relationship with the number of branches it supports. The height, denoted as \( y \), influences other characteristics of the tree, such as the branches and leaves.
In our tree model, the number of branches \( B \) is given by the formula \( B = y - 1 \). This simple equation indicates that for each meter increase in height, the tree develops one more branch, assuming it starts growing branches just below the initial meter mark. This relationship serves as the basis for calculating further properties of a tree, like the total number of leaves.
Polynomial Function
Polynomial functions are mathematical expressions that can model various real-world phenomena, including growth patterns like those of tree branches and leaves. In this problem, the number of leaves a tree has is found using a polynomial function, which is a crucial part of this modeling exercise.
The given polynomial that describes the leaves per branch is \( n = 2B^2 - B \). This means that the number of leaves can be calculated using the square of branches, adjusted by multipliers and subtractions. This non-linear relationship showcases how an increase in branches can lead to an exponentially larger number of leaves due to the quadratic term \( 2B^2 \).
Ultimately, when we multiply the average number of leaves per branch by the total number of branches, the function becomes \( L(y) = 2y^3 - 7y^2 + 8y - 3 \). This final polynomial represents the overall tree's leaf production as it grows taller.
Leaves per Branch
Leaves per branch refer to the average number of leaves that each branch of the tree supports. Identifying this number is important as it helps us understand the tree's overall leaf density.
The number of leaves per branch is determined by the formula \( n = 2B^2 - B \), where \( B \) represents the number of branches. This quadratic equation highlights how in nature, the growth is not always linear, wherein each additional branch produces more leaves, possibly providing more resources for the tree through photosynthesis.
By substituting \( B = y - 1 \) into this leaves formula, we can calculate the number of leaves per branch for a tree of any height. Through this approach, the tree's topological structure in terms of resource allocation and growth pattern is mathematically captured.
Average Calculations
Average calculations play a significant role in understanding how key characteristics relate within a tree. Here, the average number of leaves is considered per branch, as well as for the entire tree.
To find the average number of leaves per branch, we use the quadratic formula \( n = 2B^2 - B \). By setting \( B = y - 1 \), substitution allows this formula to determine the number of leaves resulting from a particular height.
The total average number of leaves is then calculated by multiplying this expression by the total number of branches \( (y-1) \).
The result is the refined polynomial \( L(y) = 2y^3 - 7y^2 + 8y - 3 \), which provides a more comprehensive average calculation, integrating both tree height and branch-based leaf production to yield a holistic view of average leaf count related to tree height.

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