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Use the properties of logarithms to rewrite each expression as a single logarithm with coefficient 1. Assume that all variables represent positive real numbers. $$\left(\log _{b} k-\log _{b} m\right)-\log _{b} a$$

Short Answer

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\( \log_b \left( \frac{k}{ma} \right) \)

Step by step solution

01

Apply the Quotient Rule

The expression \( \log_b k - \log_b m \) can be rewritten using the quotient rule of logarithms. The quotient rule states that \( \log_b A - \log_b B = \log_b \left( \frac{A}{B} \right) \). By applying this rule: \( \log_b \left( \frac{k}{m} \right) \).
02

Introduce the Remaining Term

Now, incorporate the logarithm term \( -\log_b a \) into the expression from Step 1. This can be expressed as \( \log_b \left( \frac{k}{m} \right) - \log_b a \).
03

Reapply the Quotient Rule

With the subtraction form \( \log_b \left( \frac{k}{m} \right) - \log_b a \), apply the quotient rule again: \( \log_b \left( \frac{\frac{k}{m}}{a} \right) = \log_b \left( \frac{k}{ma} \right) \).

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Quotient Rule
The quotient rule is a key property in logarithms that simplifies expressions. It's like subtracting numbers, but with a focus on division. For logarithms, the rule says: \( \log_b A - \log_b B = \log_b \left( \frac{A}{B} \right) \). This means when you subtract two logarithms with the same base, it's the same as taking the logarithm of their division.
This rule helps us transform expressions, making them easier to handle. Think of it as combining two single-logarithm terms into one by using division. It's important because it paves the way for solving more complex logarithmic problems.
In these exercises, the quotient rule helps reduce multiple log terms into just one. This makes the calculation straightforward, mirroring simple arithmetic operations but in the logarithmic form.
Logarithmic Expressions
Logarithmic expressions are combinations of numbers and variables within a logarithm. They transform complex mathematical operations into simpler ones. Think of logarithms as the reverse of exponentiation, giving power back to the base. Expressions like \( \log_b k - \log_b m \) involve the use of properties like the quotient rule to simplify.
Every logarithmic expression is unique, depending on the numbers or variables inside. By using properties such as the quotient and product rules, we convert multi-part expressions into single terms.
Simplifying logarithmic expressions is key in math because it allows for easier computation and understanding. For starters, always identify which rule or property applies before attempting to simplify. This turns what looks like a large problem into smaller, manageable pieces.
Mathematical Transformations
Mathematical transformations include changing the form of an expression or equation using mathematical rules. In logarithms, transformations allow you to convert an expression into a more useful form. This includes altering the form of several logarithms into a single one.
Transformations use the properties of logarithms to adjust how an expression looks, without changing its value. For instance, using the quotient rule is a form of transformation. When transforming, you often make something complex look simpler to solve problems faster.
The benefit of these transformations is that they reveal the core relationship between numbers. A transformed expression is often easier to interpret, reconcile, or further simplify. This is especially useful in advanced math or real-world problem-solving where varied calculations are necessary.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In general, it is not possible to find exact solutions analytically for equations that involve exponential or logarithmic functions together with polynomial, radical, and rational functions. Solve each equation= using a graphical method, and express solutions to the nearest thousandth if an approximation is appropriate. $$\ln x=-\sqrt[3]{x+3}$$

Using the restrictions on the functions in Exercises \(123-126,\) find a formula for \(f^{-1}\). $$f(x)=-x^{2}+4, \quad x \geq 0$$

Traffic Flow \(\quad\) At an intersection, cars arrive randomly at an average rate of 30 cars per hour. Using the function $$ f(x)=1-e^{-0.5 x} $$ highway engineers estimate the likelihood or probability that at least one car will enter the intersection within a period of \(x\) minutes. (Source: Mannering, F. and W. Kilareski, Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis, Second Edition, John Wiley and Sons.) (a) Evaluate \(f(2)\) and interpret the answer. (b) Graph \(f\) for \(0 \leq x \leq 60 .\) What happens to the likelihood that at least one car enters the intersection during a 60 -minute period?

Suppose that \(\$ 2500\) is invested in an account that pays interest compounded continuously. Find the amount of time that it would take for the account to grow to the given amount at the given rate of interest. Round to the nearest tenth of a year. \(\$ 5000\) at \(6 \%\)

Use the table feature of your graphing calculator to work parts (a) and (b). (a) Find how long it will take \(\$ 1500\) invested at \(5.75 \%\) compounded daily, to triple in value. Locate the solution by systematically decreasing \(\Delta\) Tbl. Find the answer to the nearest day. (Find your answer to the nearest day by eventually letting \(\Delta \mathrm{Tbl}=\frac{1}{365} .\) The decimal part of the solution can be multiplied by 365 to determine the number of days greater than the nearest year. For example, if the solution is determined to be 16.2027 years, then multiply 0.2027 by 365 to get \(73.9855 .\) The solution is then, to the nearest day, 16 years and 74 days.) Confirm your answer analytically. (b) Find how long it will take \(\$ 2000\) invested at \(8 \%,\) compounded daily, to be worth \(\$ 5000\).

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