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As monetary policymakers become more concerned with inflation stabilization, the slope of the aggregate demand curve becomes flatter. How does the resulting change in the slope of the aggregate demand curve help stabilize inflation when the economy is hit with a temporary negative supply shock? How does this affect output? Use a graph of aggregate demand and supply to demonstrate.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The diagram displaying the effect of inflation stabilization on the economic system and output is as follows:

When the financial system is hit with a negative supply shock, the aggregate demand curve flattens, implying a minor increase in inflation and a big drop in output, as shown in the graph above.

Step by step solution

01

Concept Introduction

Inflation refers to the sustained increase in the general price level. It causes th evalue on money holdings to decrease as the purchaisng power of money falls because of price rise.

02

Explanation

The diagram showing the effect of inflation stabilization on the economy and output is as follows:

Where,

- LRAS is the long-run aggregate supply

- SRAS is the short-run aggregate supply

- AD is the aggregate demand.

According to the graph above, when the economy is hit by a negative supply shock and the aggregate demand curve flattens, it indicates a moderate increase in inflation and a large drop in output. Because the aggregate demand curve is flatter, inflation is closer to its true level; but, exchange rate movement on output levels may exist.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

How does the policy rate hitting a floor of zero lead to an upward-sloping aggregate demand curve?

Why does the divine coincidence simplify the job of policymakers?

The Problems update with real-time data in MyLab Economics and are available for practice or instructor assignment. 1. On January 19, 2017, the Federal Reserve released its amended statement on longer-run goals and monetary policy strategy. It stated: 鈥淭he Committee reaffirms its judgment that inflation at the rate of 2 percent, as measured by the annual change in the price index for personal consumption expenditures, is most consistent over the longer run with the Federal Reserve鈥檚 statutory mandate鈥 and that 鈥渢he median of FOMC participants鈥 estimates of the longer-run normal rate of unemployment was 4.8 percent.鈥 Assume this statement implies that the natural rate of unemployment is believed to be 4.8%. Go to the St. Louis Federal Reserve FRED database, and find data on the personal consumption expenditure price index (PCECTPI), the unemployment rate (UNRATE), real GDP (GDPC1), and real potential gross domestic product (GDPPOT), an estimate of potential GDP. For the price index, adjust the units setting to 鈥淧ercent Change From Year Ago.鈥 Download the data into a spreadsheet.

  1. For the most recent four quarters of data available, calculate the average inflation gap using the 2% target referenced by the Fed. Calculate this value as the average of the inflation gaps over the four quarters.
  2. For the most recent four quarters of data available, calculate the average output gap using the GDP measure and the potential GDP estimate. Calculate the gap as the percentage deviation of output from the potential level of output. Calculate the average value over the most recent four quarters of data available.
  3. For the most recent 12 months of data available, calculate the average unemployment gap, using 5.6% as the presumed natural rate of unemployment. Based on your answers to parts (a) through (c), does the divine coincidence apply to the current economic situation? Why or why not? What does your answer imply about the sources of shocks that have impacted the current economy? Briefly explain.

What nonconventional monetary policies shift the aggregate demand curve, and how do they work?

How can monetary authorities target any inflation rate they wish?

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