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Chapter 1: Q 9 (page 15)
Under what circumstances might people appear to use rules of thumb, as suggested by the assumption of bounded rationality, even though they really were behaving in a manner suggested by the rationality assumption?
Under the situations of change in the environment.
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Define economics. Explain briefly how the economic way of thinking鈥攊n terms of rational, self-interested people responding to incentives鈥攔elates to each of the following situations.
(a) A student deciding whether to purchase a textbook for a particular class.
(b) Government officials seeking more funding for mass transit through higher taxes.
(c) A municipality taxing hotel guests to obtain funding for a new sports stadium.
Calculate the slope of the function you graphed in Problem A-5.
For each of the following approaches that an economist might follow in examining a decision-making process, identify whether the approach relies on the rationality assumption or on the assumption of bounded rationality:
(a) An economic study of the number of online searches that individuals conduct before selecting a particular item to purchase online presumes that people are interested only in their own satisfaction, pursue their ultimate objectives, and consider every relevant option.
(b) An economist seeking to predict the effect that an increase in a state's sales tax rate will have on consumers' purchases of goods and services resumes that people are limited in their ability to process information about how the sales-tax-rate increase will influence the after-tax prices those consumers will pay.
(c) To evaluate the impact of an increase in the range of choices that an individual confronts when deciding among devices for accessing the Internet, an economic researcher makes the assumption that the individual is unable to take into account every new Internet-access option available to her.
Identify the three basic economic questions and the two opposing sets of answers.
Maneesha has completed an analysis of the market for prescription medication. She has determined that the policymaker should act to prevent an increase in the price of this drug on the grounds that the mainly elderly consumers of the medication already have spent their lives paying too much for pharmaceuticals. They ought not to have to pay higher prices, Maneesha has concluded, so the government should act to halt any further price increases in the market. Has Maneesha applied positive or normative economic analysis?
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