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For each of the following approaches that an economist might follow in examining a decision-making process, identify whether the approach relies on the rationality assumption or on the assumption of bounded rationality:

(a) To make predictions about how many apps a person will download onto her tablet device, an economist presumes that the individual faces limitations that make it impossible for her to examine every possible choice among relevant apps.

(b) In evaluating the price that an individual will be willing to pay for a given quantity of a particular type of healthcare service, a researcher assumes that the person considers all relevant health care options in pursuit of his own long-term satisfaction with resulting health outcomes.

(c) To determine the amount of time that a person will decide to devote to watching online videos each week, an economist makes the assumption that the individual will feel overwhelmed by the sheer volume of videos available online and will respond by using a rule of thumb.

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) Bounded Rationality Assumption

(b) Rationality Assumption

(c) Bounded Rationality Assumption

Step by step solution

01

Step 1. Bounded Rationality

Bounded rationality behavior explains that people are rational but not completely as they do not examine every possible choice given to them but instead sort among the alternatives.

02

Part (a). Apps downloaded on devices.

Bounded Rationality Assumption.

The individual does not consider all the relevant choices and faces limitations which leads to a choice that is not made based on all the observations and is bounded by a few apps.

03

Part (b). Types of healthcare service.

Rationality Assumption.

The individual considers all the relevant options and takes into account every single healthcare plan and makes the best decision for himself with the full knowledge gained.

04

Part (c). Watching online videos.

Bounded Rationality Assumption.

The individual will make the decision based on the number of online games and will not consider the opportunity cost of it each week and will not take into account all the relevant options.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Consider the following statements, based on a positive economic analysis that assumes that all other things remain constant. For each, list one other thing that might change and thus offset the outcome stated.

(a) Increased demand for laptop computers will drive up their price.

(b) Falling gasoline prices will result in additional vacation travel.

(c) A reduction of income tax rates will result in more people working.

Explain why economics is a science.

For each of the following approaches that an economist might follow in examining a decision-making process, identify whether the approach relies on the rationality assumption or on the assumption of bounded rationality:

(a) An economic study of the number of online searches that individuals conduct before selecting a particular item to purchase online presumes that people are interested only in their own satisfaction, pursue their ultimate objectives, and consider every relevant option.

(b) An economist seeking to predict the effect that an increase in a state's sales tax rate will have on consumers' purchases of goods and services resumes that people are limited in their ability to process information about how the sales-tax-rate increase will influence the after-tax prices those consumers will pay.

(c) To evaluate the impact of an increase in the range of choices that an individual confronts when deciding among devices for accessing the Internet, an economic researcher makes the assumption that the individual is unable to take into account every new Internet-access option available to her.

Under what circumstances might people appear to use rules of thumb, as suggested by the assumption of bounded rationality, even though they really were behaving in a manner suggested by the rationality assumption?

In a single sentence, contrast microeconomics and macroeconomics. Next, categorize each of the following issues as either a microeconomic issue, a macroeconomic issue, or not an economic issue.

(a) The national unemployment rate.

(b) The decision of a worker to work overtime or not.

(c) A family’s choice to have a baby.

(d) The rate of growth of the money supply.

(e) The national government’s budget deficit.

(f) A student’s allocation of study time across two subjects.

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