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Chapter 20: Q6P (page 525)
What are the advantages and disadvantages of decreasing monochromator slit width?
The advantage of decreasing monochromator slit width is enhanced ability to resolve closely spaced spectral peaks.
The disadvantage is additional noise as a result of less light reaches the detector.
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Refer to the Fourier transform infrared spectrum in Figure 20-33.
(a) The interferogram was sampled at retardation intervals of. What is the theoretical wavenumber range (0 to ?) of the
spectrum?
(b) A total of 4 096 data points were collected from . Compute the value of, the maximum retardation.
(c) Calculate the approximate resolution of the spectrum.
(d) The interferometer mirror velocity is given in the figure caption. How many microseconds elapse between each datum?
(e) How many seconds were required to record each interfero gram once?
(f) What kind of beam splitter is typically used for the region 400 to 4 000? Why is the region below 400not observed?
The interferometer mirror of a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer travels pm1 cm .
(a) How many centimeters is the maximum retardation, ?
(b) State what is meant by resolution.
(c) What is the approximate resolution of the instrument?
(d) At what retardation interval, , must the interferogram be sampled (converted into digital form) to cover a spectral range of 0 to 2000 cm-1 ?
What is the role of a filter in a grating monochromator?
Results of an electrochemical experiment are shown in the figure. In each case, a voltage is applied between two electrodes at timeand the absorbance of a solution decreases until the voltage is stepped back to its initial value at time. The upper traces show the average results for 100,300, and 1000 repetitions of the experiment. The measured signal-to-rms noise ratio in the upper trace is 60.0. Predict the signal-to-noise ratios expected for 300 cycles, 100 cycles, and 1 cycle and compare your answers with the observed values in the figure.
20-D. The table shows signal-to-noise ratios recorded in a nuclear magnetic resonance experiment. Construct graphs of
(a) signal-to-noise ratio versus n and
(b) signal-to-noise ratio versus , where n is the number of scans. Draw error bars corresponding to the standard deviation at each point. Is the signal-to-noise ratio proportional to ? Find the 95% confidence interval for each row of the table.
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