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Chapter 20: Q20AE (page 524)

The true absorbance of a sample is 1.000, but the mono chromator passes 1.0% stray light. Add the light coming through the sample to the stray light to find the apparent transmittance of the sample. Convert this answer back into absorbance and find the relative error in the calculated concentration of the sample.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The absorbance is 0.9629.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the apparent Transmittence:

Given,

The true absorbance of a sample is 1.000, but 1.0 % stray light reaches the detector.

The apparent transmittance can be calculated as

True transmittance=10-1.000=0.100 with 1.0 % stray light, the apparent transmittance is

P+SP0+S=0.100+0.0101+0.010=0.111.01=0.1089

02

Step:2  Apparent absorbence:

The apparent absorbance can be calculated using -log T

-log0.1089

= 0.9629

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The variation of refractive index, n, with wavelength for fused silica is given by

n2鈥�1=(0.6961663)位2位2鈥�(0.0684043)2+(0.4079426)位2位2鈥�(0.1162414)2+(0.8974794)位2位2鈥�(9.896161)2

where 位 is expressed in 渭尘.

(a) Make a graph of n versus 位 with points at the following wavelengths: 0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1,2,3,4,5, and 6渭尘.

(b) The ability of a prism to spread apart (disperse) neighboring wavelengths increases as the slope dn/诲位increases. Is the dispersion of fused silica greater for blue light or red light?

Consider a planar waveguide used for attenuated total reflection measurement of a film coated on one surface of the waveguide. For a given angle of incidence, the sensitivity of attenuated total reflectance increases as the thickness of the waveguide decreases. Explain why. (The waveguide can be less than1渭尘thick.)

20-D. The table shows signal-to-noise ratios recorded in a nuclear magnetic resonance experiment. Construct graphs of

(a) signal-to-noise ratio versus n and

(b) signal-to-noise ratio versus n, where n is the number of scans. Draw error bars corresponding to the standard deviation at each point. Is the signal-to-noise ratio proportional to n? Find the 95% confidence interval for each row of the table.

In Figure 20-35, the relative detection limit is 37 after 1sof signal averaging, 12.5 after 10s, and 5.6 after 40 sof signal averaging. Based on the value of 37 at 1 s, what are the expected detection limits at 10 sand 40 sin an ideal experiment?

The exitance (power per unit area per unit wavelength) from a blackbody (Box 20-1) is given by the Planck distribution: M位=2蟺丑肠2位5(1ehc/Akt-1)where 位is wavelength, Tis temperature K), his Planck鈥檚 constant, Cis the speed of light, and kis Boltzmann鈥檚 constant. The area under each curve between two wavelengths in the blackbody graph in Box 20-1is equal to the power per unit area(W/m2)emitted between those two wavelengths. We find the area by integrating the Planck function between wavelengths位1and位2

role="math" localid="1664862982839" Poweremitted=鈭�位1位2M位诲位

For a narrow wavelength range, 鈭�位1the value of M位is nearly constant and the power emitted is simply the product M位鈭�位2.

(a) Evaluate Mhat位=2.00渭尘and at位=10.00渭尘atT=1000K

(b) Calculate the power emitted per square meter atin the intervalby evaluating the product

(c) Repeat part (b) for the interval9.99to10.01渭尘

(d) The quantityM2渭m/M10渭尘is the relative exitance at the two wavelengths. Compare the relative exitance at these two wave-lengths atwith the relative exitance at 100K. What does your answer mean?
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