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Chapter 23: Q34P (page 631)

Why does plate height depend on linear velocity, not volume flow rate?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The solution is

the longitudinal diffusion (Bux) is inversely proportional to the duration the solute spends on the column (ux).

Step by step solution

01

of 3

We'll explain why plate height is affected by linear velocity but not by volume flow rate in this work.

02

of 3

Volume flow rate

- for example,1mLmin ; indicates how many mL of solvent pass through the column per minute.

Flow rate that is linear.

- For example,1cmmin tells us how many cm the solvent travels per minute.

03

of 3

As a result, linear flow rate defines how complete the two-phase equilibrium is:

- the van Deemter equation is used to calculate the value of equilibration time (mass transfer).

- furthermore, the longitudinal diffusion (Bux)is inversely proportional to the duration the solute spends on the column (ux).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which column is more efficient: plate height = 0.1 mm or plate height = 1 mm?

Consider the extraction of 100mLofM+2by2mLof1脳10-5MdithizoneinCHCl3for which KL=1.1脳104,KM=7脳1024,Ka=3脳10-5,尾=5脳1018,n=2(a) Derive an expression for the fraction of metal ion extracted into the organic phase, in terms of the distribution coefficient and volumes of the two phases. (b) Prepare a graph of the percentage of metal ion extracted over the pH range 0 to 5.

For the separation of A and B by column 2 in Problem 23-32:

(a) If broadening is mainly due to longitudinal diffusion, how should the flow rate be changed to improve the resolution?

(b) If broadening is mainly due to the finite equilibrium time, how should the flow rate be changed to improve the resolution?

(c) If broadening is mainly due to multiple flow paths, what effect will flow rate have on the resolution?

(a) A chromatography column with a length of 10.3 cmand inner diameter of 4.61mmis packed with a stationary phase that occupies 61.0% of the volume. If the volume flow rate is 1.13mL, find the linear velocity in cm/min.(b) How long does it take for solvent (which is the same as unretained solute) to pass through the column? (c) Find the retention time for a solute with a retention factor of 10.

When performing liquid-liquid extraction, it is common practice to shake the separatory funnel to disperse one phase into the other.

(a) Does shaking the separatory funnel change the partition coefficient?

(b) Explain the purpose of shaking the funnel.
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