91Ó°ÊÓ

P-type semiconductor:

Intrinsic or pure semiconductors (silicon or germanium) with trivalent impurities is called p-type semiconductor. Gallium (G), Boron (B), Aluminium (Al), Indium (In), etc. are trivalent impurities.

N-type semiconductor:

Intrinsic or pure semiconductors (silicon or germanium) with pentavalent impurity is called n-type semiconductor. Arsenic, phosphorus, antimony etc are pentavalent impurities.

Silicon or germanium is used as the intrinsic semiconductor, silicon and germanium has four valence electrons. Carbon also has four valence electrons.

diamond doped with boron is P-type semiconductor, because, when trivalent impurity is added to diamond is called as p-type semiconductor. Boron (B) is one of the trivalent impurities which are also known as acceptor impurity.

Trivalent is added to the diamond it will form three covalent bonds with carbon and there is no electron to formation of the bond because due to the absence of valence electron of boron, which cause one hole is remaining therefore which is called acceptor impurity and is called as P-type semiconductor.