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Chapter 3: 37P (page 189)

Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case draw and name two structures that match the description.

(a)补苍鈥夆赌塱蝉辞辫谤辞辫测濒丑别辫迟补苍别

(b)补鈥塪颈别迟丑测濒诲别肠补苍别

(c)acis鈥�鈭�diethylcyclohexane

(d)atrans鈥�鈭�dihalocyclopentane

(e)a(2,3-dimethylpentyl)cycloalkane

(f)补鈥夆赌塨颈肠测肠濒辞苍辞苍补苍别


Short Answer

Expert verified

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Step by step solution

01

Cis and transisomers

Cis and transisomerism can be used only for the compounds in which two doubly bonded carbon atoms have similar atoms or groups. When similar atoms or groups lie on the same side, it is called a cis-isomer, and when similar atoms or groups lie on the opposite sides, it is called a trans-isomer. These two geometric isomers cannot interconvert without breaking and forming the bonds again

02

Alkanes

Alkanes are hydrocarbon containing only single bonds. The general formula for analkane is ,where number of carbon atoms.

03

Dr

(a) The structures matching the description are 2,3-dimethyloctaneand 3-ethyl-2-methylheptane.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Table 3-6 shows that the axial-equatorial energy difference for methyl, ethyl, and isopropyl groups increases gradually: 7.6, 7.9 and 8.8 kJ/mol (1.8, 1.9, and 2.1 kcal/mol). The tert-butyl group jumps to an energy difference of 23 kJ/mol (5.4 kcal/mol), over twice the value for the isopropyl group. Draw pictures of the axial conformations of isopropylcyclohexane and tert-butylcyclohexane and explain why the tert-butyl substituent experiences such a large increase in axial energy over the isopropyl group.

Question: The heat of combustion of cis-1,2-dimethylcyclopropane is larger than that of trans isomer. Which isomer is most stable? Use drawings to explain this difference in stability.

Question: All of the following names are incorrect or incomplete. In each case, draw the structure ( or a possible structure) and name it correctly

Draw a perspective representation of the most stable conformation of 3-methylhexane.

Draw the most stable conformation of

(a) cis - 1 - tert - butyl - 3 - ethylcyclohexane

(b) trans - 1 -tert- butyl - 2 - methylcyclohexane

(c) trans - 1 -tert - butyl - 3 - (1,1 - dimethylpropyl)cyclohexane
See all solutions

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