/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Q29P Rank the following carbocations ... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 20: Q29P (page 1038)

Rank the following carbocations in decreasing order of stability. Classify each as primary, secondary, or tertiary.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Short Answer

Expert verified

carbocations in order from most stable to least stable

Step by step solution

01

Carbocations

A species which has a carbona tom bearing only six electrons and having a positive charge is known as carbonium ion or carbocation.

02

Stability of carbocations

Greater the number of alkyl groups, greater is the dispersal of positive charge and hence greater is the stability of the carbocation.

30 carbocation with three alkyl groups is more stable than 20 carbocation with two alkyl groups which in turn are more stable than 10 carbocation with one alkyl group. However, methyl carbocation which does not contain any alkyl group is the least stable.

03

 Step 3: Carbocations in decreasing order of stability

Tertiary (30) carbocation is the most stable while the primary (10) carbocation is the least stable.

carbocations in order from most stable to least stable

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Show how you would use extractions with a separatory funnel to separate a mixture of the following compounds: benzoic acid, phenol, benzyl alcohol, aniline.

Given the structure of ascorbic acid (vitamin C):

(a) Is ascorbic acid a carboxylic acid?

(b) Compare the acid strength of ascorbic acid (pKa=4.71) with acetic acid.

(c) Predict which proton in ascorbic acid is the most acidic.

(d) Draw the form of ascorbic acid that is present in the body (aqueous solution, pH = 7.4).

The IR, NMR, and mass spectra are provided for an organic compound.

  1. Consider each spectrum individually, and tell what characteristics of the molecule are apparent from that spectrum.
  2. Propose a structure for the compound, and show how your structure fits the spectral data.
  3. Explain why an important signal is missing from the proton NMR spectrum.

Question: Convert the following infrared wavenumbers into wavelengths.

(a) 1600 cm-1, typical for an aromatic

(b) 3000 cm-1 , typical for a saturated C-H bond

(c) 1715 cm-1 , typical for a ketone carbonyl

(d) 1750cm-1 , typical for an ester carbonyl

(e)2200cm-1 , typical for a nitrile

(f) 3300cm-1 , typical for an alcohol O-H.

(a) Propose a mechanism for the following reaction:

(b) Use the bond-dissociation enthalpies given in Table 4-2 (page 203) to calculate the value of 鈭咹掳 for each step shown in your mechanism. (The BDE for is about 280 kJ/mol, or 67 kcal/mol.) Calculate the overall value of 鈭咹掳 for the reaction. Are these values consistent with a rapid free-radical chain reaction?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.