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Chapter 2: Q2P (page 95)

The N-F bond is more polar than N-H bond, but NF3 has smaller dipole moment than NH3. Explain the curious result.

NH3: 碌= 1.5 D, NF3: 碌= 0.2D

Short Answer

Expert verified

N鈥擣 bond is more polar than N鈥擧 but, NF3 is less polar than NH3 because in NF3 individual polarity face towards F therefore net will cancel (since it is very less). But in NH3 N is more electronegative than H therefore this all add up and net is more.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1

Dipole moment in NH3 Dipole moment in NF3

In NH3, N is more electronegative than H. Therefore, N pulls the electrons from H towards itself and the direction of dipole moment due to the N-H bonds will be in the same direction as that of the lone pair of electrons on Nitrogen.

In NF3, F is more electronegative than N. Therefore, F atoms (all 3) pull the electrons towards themselves and the resultant moment is opposite to the directions of that of the lone pair of electrons on N atom. Therefore, the net dipole decreases(Dipole moment is a vector quantity).

NH3 dipole moment is much higher than that of NF3.

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