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Chapter 2: Problem 17

Write the molecular formula of each alkane. (a) CCCC(C(C)C)C(C)C (b) CC(C)(C)C(C)(C)C (c) CCCC(CCC)C(C)(C)C

Short Answer

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Question: Determine the molecular formulas for the following alkanes given their simplified molecular input line entry system (SMILES) notations: (a) CCCC(C(C)C)C(C)C (b) CC(C)(C)C(C)(C)C (c) CCCC(CCC)C(C)(C)C Answer: The molecular formulas for the given alkanes are: (a) C8H16 (b) C6H12 (c) C10H20

Step by step solution

01

Identifying carbon and hydrogen atoms in the SMILES notation

In order to determine the molecular formula, first count the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the given SMILES notation for each alkane. Remember that carbon atoms are represented by the letter C and hydrogen atoms are implied, with each carbon making 4 bonds. (a) CCCC(C(C)C)C(C)C C: 8 carbon atoms (just count the Cs) H: (4 bonds per carbon atom - existing bonds)*number of carbon atoms 16 hydrogen atoms (2 + 2+ 2+1+4+1+2+2) (b) CC(C)(C)C(C)(C)C C: 6 carbon atoms (just count the Cs) H: (4 bonds per carbon atom - existing bonds)*number of carbon atoms 12 hydrogen atoms (2+3+3+1+3+3) (c) CCCC(CCC)C(C)(C)C C: 10 carbon atoms (just count the Cs) H: (4 bonds per carbon atom - existing bonds)*number of carbon atoms 20 hydrogen atoms (2+2+2+1+2+1+1+3+3+3)
02

Writing the molecular formula for each alkane

Write the molecular formula for each alkane using the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms found in step 1. (a) C8H16 (b) C6H12 (c) C10H20

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What structural feature of cycloalkanes makes cis, trans isomerism in them possible?

Is cis, trans isomerism possible in alkanes?

Explain why each is an incorrect IUPAC name, and write the correct IUPAC name for the intended compound. (a) 1,3-Dimethylbutane (b) 4 -Methylpentane (c) 2,2-Diethylbutane (d) 2-Ethyl-3-methylpentane (e) 2-Propylpentane (f) 2,2-Diethylheptane (g) 2,2-Dimethylcyclopropane (h) 1-Ethyl-5-methylcyclohexane

Consider 1-bromopropane, \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{Br}\). (a) Draw a Newman projection for the conformation in which \(-\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) and \(-\mathrm{Br}\) are anti (dihedral angle \(180^{\circ}\) ). (b) Draw Newman projections for the conformations in which \(-\mathrm{CH}_{3}\) and \(-\mathrm{Br}\) are gauche (dihedral angles \(60^{\circ}\) and \(300^{\circ}\) ). (c) Which of these is the lowest energy conformation? (d) Which of these conformations, if any, are related by reflection?

For 1,2-dichloroethane: (a) Draw Newman projections for all eclipsed conformations formed by rotation from \(0^{\circ}\) to \(360^{\circ}\) about the carbon-carbon single bond. (b) Which eclipsed conformation (s) has (have) the lowest energy? Which has (have) the highest energy? (c) Which, if any, of these eclipsed conformations are related by reflection?
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