91Ó°ÊÓ

Regarding primary quantum number \(n\), which representative elements have valence electrons with an \(n\) value that is three times the \(n\) value of lithium's valence electrons? What period are they in?

Write electron configurations for \(\mathrm{O}, \mathrm{O}^{2+}\), and \(\mathrm{O}^{2-}\). Which form would you expect to find in most compounds of oxygen? Why?

When using the periodic table to assign electron configurations, what is the rule for the \(n\) quantum number when you are in the \(d\) block? When you are in the \(f\) block?

According to the Bohr model, why do atoms get larger as you proceed down a group in the periodic table?

Which atom has a smaller 1s subshell, lithium (Li) or beryllium (Be)? Justify your answer.

Which atom has a smaller valence shell, lithium (Li) or sodium (Na)? Explain your answer.

Which atom is larger, lithium (Li) or beryllium (Be)? Explain your answer.

Which atom is larger, lithium (Li) or sodium (Na)? Explain your answer.

As you move from left to right across a period you add more subatomic particles to the atoms, and yet the atoms become smaller. (a) What subatomic particles are you adding? (b) If you are adding particles, why don't the atoms become larger?

Explain the trends in ionization energy in terms of the trends in atomic aize.