91Ó°ÊÓ

Which electromagnetic radiation is most dangerous to humans? (a) X-rays (b) Ultraviolet light (c) Gamma rays (d) Infrared light (e) Radio waves

Halogens are very reactive because (choose the correct answer): (a) They need to gain only one electron to satisfy the octet rule. (b) They have seven electrons in their valence shell, and the more electrons an atom has, the more reactive it is. (c) They are nonmetals, and all nonmetals are reactive. (d) They can easily lose their seven valence electrons to satisfy the octet rule.

Which subshell has the lowest energy? (a) \(4 s\) (b) \(3 p\) (c) \(2 p\) (d) \(3 s\) (e) \(2 s\)

Which is the correct ground-state electron configuration for antimony, Sb? (a) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} 3 d^{10} 4 s^{2} 4 p^{6} 4 d^{10} 5 s^{2} 5 d^{3}\) (b) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} 3 d^{10} 4 s^{2} 4 p^{6} 4 d^{10} 5 s^{2} 5 p^{3}\) (c) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} 4 s^{2} 3 d^{10} 4 p^{6} 5 s^{2} 4 d^{10} 5 p^{4}\) (d) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} 4 s^{2} 3 d^{10} 4 p^{6} 5 s^{2} 5 p^{3}\) (e) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} 4 s^{2} 3 d^{10} 4 p^{6} 5 s^{2} 4 f^{3}\)

What is the energy in joules of green light that has a wavelength of \(500 \mathrm{~nm} ?\)

Predict the formula of the compound formed by the reaction between: (a) \(\mathrm{Ca}\) and \(\mathrm{Br}\) (b) \(\mathrm{K}\) and \(\mathrm{N}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Al}\) and \(\mathrm{S}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Na}\) and \(\mathrm{I}\) (e) \(\mathrm{Mg}\) and \(\mathrm{O}\)

The order of the colors in the visible spectrum can be remembered by the acronym ROY G. BIV, which stands for red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet. In the acronym, are the colors arranged in order of increasing or decreasing wavelength? In order of increasing or decreasing energy?

Write the ground-state electron configuration, both full notation and noble gas abbreviation, and indicate the number of valence electrons for: (a) \(\mathrm{Al}\) (b) I (c) \(\mathrm{Rb}\) (d) \(\overline{\mathrm{Ar}}\) (e) \(\mathrm{Mg}\)

Metals tend to \(\quad\) valence electrons, whereas nonmetals tend to valence electrons.

What is the formula for the maximum number of electrons in each shell of the Bohr atom? How many electrons are allowed in the \(n=2\) shell? The \(n=6\) shell?