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Chapter 4: Problem 92

Carbohydrates, a class of compounds containing the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, were originally thought to contain one water molecule \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)\) for each carbon atom present. The carbohydrate glucose contains six carbon atoms. Write a general formula showing the relative numbers of each type of atom present in glucose.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The general formula for glucose, assuming one water molecule for each carbon atom, is \(C_6H_{12}O_6\).

Step by step solution

01

Determine the number of carbon atoms in glucose

Given that glucose contains six carbon atoms, we can represent this as: C=6
02

Determine the number of water molecules

According to the original belief, for each carbon atom, there is one water molecule present. So for six carbon atoms, there will be six water molecules: Water molecules = 6
03

Determine the number of hydrogen and oxygen atoms

In each water molecule, there are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Since there are 6 water molecules, the total number of hydrogen and oxygen atoms can be calculated as: H = 2 脳 Water molecules = 2 脳 6 = 12 O = 1 脳 Water molecules = 1 脳 6 = 6
04

Write the general formula of glucose

Now that we know the relative number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in glucose, we can write the general formula as follows: C鈧咹鈧佲倐O鈧�

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write the formula for each of the following substances, listing the elements in the order given. a. a molecule containing six carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms b. a molecule containing two nitrogen atoms and four oxygen atoms c. a compound containing half as many calcium atoms as chlorine atoms d. a compound containing one iron atom for every three bromine atoms e. a compound containing equal numbers of sodium and nitrogen atoms, but three times as many oxygen atoms as there are sodium atoms f. a compound containing three calcium atoms for every two nitrogen atoms

Under ordinary conditions, only a few pure elements occur as liquids. Give an example of a metallic and a nonmetallic element that ordinarily occur as liquids.

For the following pairs of ions, use the concept that a chemical compound must have a net charge of zero to predict the formula of the simplest compound that the ions are most likely to form. a. \(\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}\) and \(\mathrm{P}^{3-}\) b. \(\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}\) and \(\mathrm{S}^{2-}\) c. \(\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}\) and \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\) d. \(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\) and \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\) e. \(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\) and \(\mathrm{O}^{2-}\) f. \(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}\) and \(\mathrm{N}^{3-}\) g. \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}\) and \(\mathrm{P}^{3-}\) h. \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}\) and \(\mathrm{S}^{2-}\)

Most substances are composed of__________rather than elemental substances.

For each of the following elements, use the tables on the inside cover of this book to give the chemical symbol, atomic number, and group number of each element, and to specify whether the element is a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid. a. lithium b. arsenic c. radon d. radium e. germanium
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