91Ó°ÊÓ

Calculate the hydroxide ion concentration, in moles per liter, for solutions with each of the following pOH values. a. \(\mathrm{pOH}=7.00\) b. \(\mathrm{pOH}=12.91\) c. \(\mathrm{pOH}=1.82\) d. \(\mathrm{pOH}=9.41\)

Calculate the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of each of the following solutions from the information given. a. \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]=4.78 \times 10^{-2} \mathrm{M}\) b. \(\mathrm{pOH}=4.56\) c. \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]=9.74 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{M}\) d. \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]=1.24 \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{M}\)

Calculate the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of each of the following solutions from the information given. a. \(\mathrm{pOH}=11.31\) b. \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]=7.22 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{M}\) c. \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]=9.93 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{M}\) d. \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]=1.49 \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{M}\)

When 1 mol of gaseous hydrogen chloride is dissolved in enough water to make 1 L of solution, approximately how many HCl molecules remain in the solution? Explain.

A bottle of acid solution is labeled " \(3 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HNO}_{3} .^{\prime \prime}\) What are the substances that are actually present in the solution? Are any \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) molecules present? Why or why not?

Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration and the pH of each of the following solutions of strong acids. a. \(1.04 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HCl}\) b. \(0.00301 M\) HNO \(_{3}\) c. \(5.41 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HClO}_{4}\) d. \(6.42 \times 10^{-2} \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HNO}_{3}\)

Calculate the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of each of the following solutions of strong acids. a. \(1.21 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) b. \(0.000199 M\) HClO \(_{4}\) c. \(5.01 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HCl}\) d. \(0.00104 M \mathrm{HBr}\)

What characteristic properties do buffered solutions possess?

What two components make up a buffered solution? Give an example of a combination that would serve as a buffered solution.

Which component of a buffered solution consumes added strong base? Using your example from Question 60, show how this component would react with added NaOH.