/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 89 Which of these aqueous solutions... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 4: Problem 89

Which of these aqueous solutions would you expect to be the best conductor of electricity at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\) Explain your answer. (a) \(0.20 M \mathrm{NaCl}\) (b) \(0.60 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOH}\) (c) \(0.25 M \mathrm{HCl}\) (d) \(0.20 M \mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The 0.20 M 惭驳(狈翱鈧�)鈧� solution is the best conductor due to its high ion concentration.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Electrical Conductivity in Solutions

To determine which solution conducts electricity best, note that electrical conductivity in aqueous solutions is due to the presence of ions. A solution's conductivity depends on both the concentration of ions and the degree of ion dissociation. Strong electrolytes, which dissociate completely, result in higher ion concentrations and thus better conductivity.
02

Analyzing the Solutions

Review each solution: - (a) NaCl is a strong electrolyte and dissociates completely into Na鈦� and Cl鈦� ions in solution. - (b) CH鈧僀OOH is a weak electrolyte. It dissociates partially, producing fewer ions. - (c) HCl in water is a strong acid and a strong electrolyte, dissociating fully into H鈦� and Cl鈦� ions. - (d) 惭驳(狈翱鈧�)鈧� is a strong electrolyte and dissociates into Mg虏鈦� and 2NO鈧冣伝 ions, providing three ions per formula unit.
03

Comparing Ion Concentrations

Evaluate the total molarity of ions for each solution: - (a) NaCl: Each formula unit provides 2 ions (Na鈦� and Cl鈦�), resulting in 0.40 M ion concentration. - (b) CH鈧僀OOH: As a weak electrolyte, the ion concentration is much less than 0.60 M due to partial dissociation. - (c) HCl: Provides 2 ions (H鈦� and Cl鈦�), resulting in 0.50 M ion concentration. - (d) 惭驳(狈翱鈧�)鈧�: Provides 3 ions (Mg虏鈦� and 2NO鈧冣伝), resulting in 0.60 M ion concentration.
04

Identifying the Best Conductor

The solution with the highest total ion concentration is expected to be the best conductor. From Step 3, 惭驳(狈翱鈧�)鈧� solution has the highest ion concentration of 0.60 M.
05

Final Answer: Selecting the Best Conductive Solution

Among all choices, the 0.20 M 惭驳(狈翱鈧�)鈧� solution presents the highest concentration of dissociated ions, making it the best conductor of electricity at 25掳C.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Strong Electrolytes
Strong electrolytes are substances that completely dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. Imagine tiny particles breaking apart into electrically charged particles, which are ions. This behavior makes strong electrolytes excellent conductors of electricity because the dissociated ions carry electric current seamlessly through the solution.

In the original exercise, examples of strong electrolytes include NaCl, HCl, and 惭驳(狈翱鈧�)鈧�. Each of them fully dissociates into their respective ions:
  • NaCl: Breaks into Na鈦� and Cl鈦� ions.

  • HCl: Splits into H鈦� and Cl鈦� ions.

  • 惭驳(狈翱鈧�)鈧�: Dissociates into Mg虏鈦� and two NO鈧冣伝 ions.
The degree of dissociation is crucial in determining how well the solution can conduct electricity, with complete dissociation providing the optimal conditions.
Ion Dissociation
Ion dissociation refers to the process by which ionic compounds split into smaller charged particles, called ions, when they are dissolved in water. This phenomenon is key to understanding how solutions conduct electricity.

The extent to which a compound dissociates plays a pivotal role. Strong electrolytes, like in our study examples, dissociate completely, whereas weak electrolytes only partially dissociate. For instance, CH鈧僀OOH is a weak electrolyte and only forms a few ions in solution.
  • Complete dissociation: Strong electrolytes like NaCl, HCl, and 惭驳(狈翱鈧�)鈧� separate fully into ions that aid in conducting electricity.

  • Partial dissociation: Weak electrolytes only partially separate, reducing the number of ions available for conductivity.
Understanding dissociation provides insight into why certain solutions, such as those with the highest degree of ion separation, are better conductors of electricity.
Aqueous Solutions
Aqueous solutions are formed when substances dissolve in water. Water acts as the solvent and any dissolved particles (such as ions from dissociated compounds) become the solute. Aqueous solutions are vital for studying chemical reactions that involve ionic compounds.

In the exercise example, each substance is in an aqueous solution at 25掳C, emphasizing their role in examining electrical conductivity. The ability of ions to move freely in aqueous solutions makes these solutions a perfect medium to study electrical properties.
  • Solutions Analyzed: NaCl, CH鈧僀OOH, HCl, and 惭驳(狈翱鈧�)鈧� are all in aqueous states, underlining their significance in electric conductivity studies.

  • Temperature's Role: The condition of 25掳C is standard for studying the properties and behavior of solutions, ensuring consistent results.
Understanding aqueous solutions is critical for predicting and interpreting the capacity of different substances to conduct electricity efficiently.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

For the complete redox reactions given here, (i) break down each reaction into its half-reactions; (ii) identify the oxidizing agent; (iii) identify the reducing agent. (a) \(2 \mathrm{Sr}+\mathrm{O}_{2} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{SrO}\) (b) \(2 \mathrm{Li}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{LiH}\) (c) \(2 \mathrm{Cs}+\mathrm{Br}_{2} \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{CsBr}\) (d) \(3 \mathrm{Mg}+\mathrm{N}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Mg}_{3} \mathrm{~N}_{2}\)

Identify the following as a weak or strong acid or base: (a) \(\mathrm{NH}_{3},\) (b) \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4},\) (c) \(\mathrm{LiOH},\) (d) \(\mathrm{HCOOH}\) (formic acid), (e) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4},\) (f) \(\mathrm{HF},(\mathrm{g}) \mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\)

If \(30.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(0.150 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\) is added to \(15.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(0.100 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{AgNO}_{3}\), what is the mass in grams of \(\mathrm{AgCl}\) precipitate?

The passage of electricity through an electrolyte solution is caused by the movement of (a) electrons only, (b) cations only, (c) anions only, (d) both cations and anions.

A number of metals are involved in redox reactions in biological systems in which the oxidation state of the metals changes. Which of these metals are most likely to take part in such reactions: \(\mathrm{Na}, \mathrm{K}, \mathrm{Mg}, \mathrm{Ca}, \mathrm{Mn}, \mathrm{Fe}\) Co, \(\mathrm{Cu}, \mathrm{Zn}\) ? Explain.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.