/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 105 Balance each of the following re... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 4: Problem 105

Balance each of the following redox reactions and classify it as a combination, decomposition, or displacement reaction: (a) \(\mathrm{Sb}(s)+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{SbCl}_{3}(s)\) (b) \(\mathrm{AsH}_{3}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{As}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2}(g)\) (c) \(\mathrm{Zn}(s)+\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(a q) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Zn}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{Fe}(s)\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a) Combination, balanced: \(2\text{Sb}(s) + 3\text{Cl}_2(g) \rightarrow 2\text{SbCl}_3(s)\). b) Decomposition, balanced: \(2\text{AsH}_3(g) \rightarrow 2\text{As}(s) + 3\text{H}_2(g)\). c) Displacement, balanced: \( \text{Zn}(s) + \text{Fe}(\text{NO}_3)_2(aq) \rightarrow \text{Zn}(\text{NO}_3)_2(aq) + \text{Fe}(s) \)

Step by step solution

01

- Identify the type of reaction for (a)

To determine the type of reaction for \(\text{Sb}(s) + \text{Cl}_{2}(g) \rightarrow \text{SbCl}_3(s)\), observe that solids (\text{Sb}) and gas (\text{Cl}_2) combine to form a compound (\text{SbCl}_3). This is a combination reaction.
02

- Balance equation (a)

Check both sides of the reaction. One \(\text{Sb}\) atom and three \(\text{Cl}\) atoms are required on both sides to balance. Balance the equation as follows: \[ \text{Sb}(s) + \frac{3}{2}\text{Cl}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{SbCl}_3(s) \] To avoid fractional coefficients, multiply through by 2: \[ \text{2Sb}(s) + 3\text{Cl}_2(g) \rightarrow 2\text{SbCl}_3(s) \]
03

- Identify the type of reaction for (b)

For the reaction \(\text{AsH}_3(g) \rightarrow \text{As}(s) + \text{H}_2(g)\), the compound \(\text{AsH}_3\) breaks into elemental solids and gases, indicating a decomposition reaction.
04

- Balance equation (b)

Make sure the number of atoms on each side matches. Balance the equation as: \[ 2\text{AsH}_3(g) \rightarrow 2\text{As}(s) + 3\text{H}_2(g) \]
05

- Identify the type of reaction for (c)

The reaction \( \text{Zn}(s) + \text{Fe}\text{(NO}_3)_2(aq) \rightarrow \text{Zn}\text{(NO}_3)_2(aq) + \text{Fe}(s) \) is a displacement reaction because zinc displaces iron from its compound.
06

- Balance equation (c)

Ensure the number of atoms on both sides is equal. The atoms are already balanced: \[ \text{Zn}(s) + \text{Fe}(\text{NO}_3)_2(aq) \rightarrow \text{Zn}(\text{NO}_3)_2(aq) + \text{Fe}(s) \]

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Combination Reaction
A combination reaction occurs when two or more substances combine to form a single product. Each reactant adds to the other to create a brand new compound. For example, in the reaction Sb(s) + Cl鈧�(g) 鈫� SbCl鈧�(s), solid antimony (Sb) reacts with chlorine gas (Cl鈧�) to form antimony trichloride (SbCl鈧�). This is a classic example of a combination reaction. combination reactions are usually straightforward to identify, as you will see multiple reactants joining together to create one single product.

Key points to remember about combination reactions:
  • They involve two or more reactants.
  • Only one product is formed.
  • The reaction usually releases energy (exothermic).
To balance such reactions, ensure the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides. You may need to multiply the coefficients to avoid fractional results.
Decomposition Reaction
In a decomposition reaction, a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. This type of reaction is essentially the reverse of a combination reaction. For instance, in the reaction AsH鈧�(g) 鈫� As(s) + H鈧�(g), arsenic trihydride (AsH鈧�) decomposes into arsenic solids (As) and hydrogen gas (H鈧�).

This is a typical decomposition reaction where one compound breaks down.

Key points about decomposition reactions:
  • One reactant breaks into two or more products.
  • They often require an input of energy (endothermic) such as heat, light, or electricity.
When balancing these reactions, make sure the total number of each type of atom is the same on both sides of the equation. If necessary, adjust the coefficients to maintain the balance.
Displacement Reaction
A displacement reaction, also known as a replacement reaction, occurs when an element displaces another element in a compound. In the reaction Zn(s) + Fe(NO鈧�)鈧�(aq) 鈫� Zn(NO鈧�)鈧�(aq) + Fe(s), solid zinc (Zn) displaces iron (Fe) from its nitrate compound, resulting in zinc nitrate (Zn(NO鈧�)鈧�) and solid iron (Fe). This is a clear example of a displacement reaction.

Key points about displacement reactions:
  • One element replaces another in a compound.
  • The reactivity of the elements determines the success of the displacement.
Balancing these reactions involves ensuring that the number of atoms for each element matches on both sides of the equation. Simple inspection and adjustment of coefficients are usually sufficient.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

When each of the following pairs of aqueous solutions is mixed, does a precipitation reaction occur? If so, write balanced molecular, total ionic, and net ionic equations: (a) Sodium nitrate \(+\) copper(II) sulfate (b) Ammonium bromide + silver nitrate

Is each of the following very soluble in water? Explain. (a) Benzene, \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}\) (b) Sodium hydroxide (c) Ethanol, \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\) (d) Potassium acetate 4.15 Is cach of the following very soluble in water? Explain. (a) Lithium nitrate (b) Gilycine, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{NCH}_{2} \mathrm{COOH}\) (c) Pentane (d) Ethylene glycol, \(\mathrm{HOCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\)

In 1997 and \(2009,\) at United Nations conferences on climate change, many nations agreed to expand their research efforts to develop renewable sources of carbon-based fuels. For more than a quarter century, Brazil has been engaged in a program to replace gasoline with ethanol derived from the root crop manioc (cassava). (a) Write separate balanced equations for the complete combustion of ethanol \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}\right)\) and of gasoline (represented by the formula \(\mathrm{C}_{8} \mathrm{H}_{18}\) ). (b) What mass (g) of oxygen is required to burn completely \(1.00 \mathrm{~L}\) of a mixture that is \(90.0 \%\) gasoline \((d=0.742 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mL})\) and \(10.0 \%\) ethanol \((d=0.789 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mL})\) by volume? (c) If \(1.00 \mathrm{~mol}\) of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) occupies \(22.4 \mathrm{~L}\), what volume of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) is needed to burn \(1.00 \mathrm{~L}\) of the mixture? (d) Air is \(20.9 \% \mathrm{O}_{2}\) by volume. What volume of air is needed to burn \(1.00 \mathrm{~L}\) of the mixture?

Give the oxidation number of arsenic in each of the following: (a) \(\mathrm{AsH}_{3}\) (b) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{~A} \mathrm{~s} \mathrm{O}_{4}^{-}\) (c) \(\mathrm{AsCl}_{3}\)

Identify the oxidizing and reducing agents in the following reactions: (a) \(\operatorname{Sn}(s)+2 \mathrm{H}^{+}(a q) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Sn}^{2+}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2}(g)\) (b) \(2 \mathrm{H}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}(a q)+2 \mathrm{~F} \mathrm{e}^{2+}(a q) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{Fe}^{3+}(a q)+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)\)
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.