/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 64 Complete the table by filling in... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 2: Problem 64

Complete the table by filling in the formula for the ionic compound formed by each pair of cations and anions, as shown for the first pair. $$ \begin{array}{c|c|c|c|c} \hline \text { Ion } & \mathrm{Na}^{+} & \mathrm{Ca}^{2+} & \mathrm{Fe}^{2+} & \mathrm{Al}^{3+} \\ \hline \mathrm{O}^{2-} & \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O} & & & \\ \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-} & & & & \\ \mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-} & & & & \\ \mathrm{AsO}_{4}{ }^{3-} & & & & \\ \hline \end{array} $$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The completed table is as follows: $$ \begin{array}{c|c|c|c|c} \hline \text { Ion } & \mathrm{Na}^{+} & \mathrm{Ca}^{2+} & \mathrm{Fe}^{2+} & \mathrm{Al}^{3+} \\ \hline \mathrm{O}^{2-} & \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O} & \mathrm{CaO} & \mathrm{FeO} & \mathrm{Al}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3} \\ \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-} & \mathrm{NaNO}_{3} & \mathrm{Ca(NO}_{3})_{2} & \mathrm{Fe(NO}_{3})_{2} & \mathrm{Al(NO}_{3})_{3} \\ \mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-} & \mathrm{Na}_{2}\mathrm{SO}_{4} & \mathrm{CaSO}_{4} & \mathrm{FeSO}_{4} & \mathrm{Al}_{2}(\mathrm{SO}_{4})_{3} \\ \mathrm{AsO}_{4}{ }^{3-} & \mathrm{Na}_{3}\mathrm{AsO}_{4} & \mathrm{Ca}_{3}(\mathrm{AsO}_{4})_{2} & \mathrm{Fe}_{3}(\mathrm{AsO}_{4})_{2} & \mathrm{AlAsO}_{4} \\ \hline \end{array} $$

Step by step solution

01

Complete the first row of the table (Combining with Oxygen ions O鈦宦)

We already have the ionic compound formed by the combination of Na鈦 and O鈦宦, which is Na鈧侽. Now let's complete the row by combining the rest of the cations with O鈦宦 ions. 1. Ca虏鈦 and O虏鈦 - We need two O虏鈦 ions to balance the charge of Ca虏鈦 ion, so the formula becomes: CaO鈧 鈫 CaO (simplified). 2. Fe虏鈦 and O虏鈦 - We need two O虏鈦 ions to balance the charge of Fe虏鈦 ion, so the formula becomes: FeO鈧 鈫 FeO (simplified). 3. Al鲁鈦 and O虏鈦 - We will need three O虏鈦 ions and two Al鲁鈦 ions to balance the charges, so the formula becomes: Al鈧侽鈧
02

Complete the next row of the table (Combining with Nitrate ions NO鈧冣伝)

Now, let's complete the second row by combining the cations with NO鈧冣伝 ions. 1. Na鈦 and NO鈧冣伝 - We need one Na鈦 ion to balance the charge of NO鈧冣伝 ion, so the formula becomes: NaNO鈧 2. Ca虏鈦 and NO鈧冣伝 - We need two NO鈧冣伝 ions to balance the charge of Ca虏鈦 ion, so the formula becomes: Ca(NO鈧)鈧 3. Fe虏鈦 and NO鈧冣伝 - We need two NO鈧冣伝 ions to balance the charge of Fe虏鈦 ion, so the formula becomes: Fe(NO鈧)鈧 4. Al鲁鈦 and NO鈧冣伝 - We need three NO鈧冣伝 ions to balance the charge of Al鲁鈦 ion, so the formula becomes: Al(NO鈧)鈧
03

Complete the third row of the table (Combining with sulfate ions SO鈧劼测伝)

Now, let's complete the third row by combining the cations with SO鈧劼测伝 ions. 1. Na鈦 and SO鈧劼测伝 - We need two Na鈦 ions to balance the charge of SO鈧劼测伝 ion, so the formula becomes: Na鈧係O鈧 2. Ca虏鈦 and SO鈧劼测伝 - We need one Ca虏鈦 ion to balance the charge of SO鈧劼测伝 ion, so the formula becomes: CaSO鈧 3. Fe虏鈦 and SO鈧劼测伝 - We need one Fe虏鈦 ion to balance the charge of SO鈧劼测伝 ion, so the formula becomes: FeSO鈧 4. Al鲁鈦 and SO鈧劼测伝 - We will need three Al鲁鈦 ions and two SO鈧劼测伝 ions to balance the charges, so the formula becomes: Al鈧(SO鈧)鈧
04

Complete the fourth row of the table (Combining with arsenate ions AsO鈧劼斥伝)

Finally, Let's complete the last row by combining the cations with AsO鈧劼斥伝 ions. 1. Na鈦 and AsO鈧劼斥伝 - We need three Na鈦 ions to balance the charge of AsO鈧劼斥伝 ion, so the formula becomes: Na鈧傾sO鈧 2. Ca虏鈦 and AsO鈧劼斥伝 - We need three Ca虏鈦 ions and two AsO鈧劼斥伝 ions to balance the charges, so the formula becomes: Ca鈧(AsO鈧)鈧 3. Fe虏鈦 and AsO鈧劼斥伝 - We need three Fe虏鈦 ions and two AsO鈧劼斥伝 ions to balance the charges, so the formula becomes: Fe鈧(AsO鈧)鈧 4. Al鲁鈦 and AsO鈧劼斥伝 - We need one Al鲁鈦 ion to balance the charge of AsO鈧劼斥伝 ion, so the formula becomes: AlAsO鈧 Now, with all the steps completed, the fully filled table should look like this: $$ \begin{array}{c|c|c|c|c} \hline \text { Ion } & \mathrm{Na}^{+} & \mathrm{Ca}^{2+} & \mathrm{Fe}^{2+} & \mathrm{Al}^{3+} \\ \hline \mathrm{O}^{2-} & \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O} & \mathrm{CaO} & \mathrm{FeO} & \mathrm{Al}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3} \\ \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-} & \mathrm{NaNO}_{3} & \mathrm{Ca(NO}_{3})_{2} & \mathrm{Fe(NO}_{3})_{2} & \mathrm{Al(NO}_{3})_{3} \\ \mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-} & \mathrm{Na}_{2}\mathrm{SO}_{4} & \mathrm{CaSO}_{4} & \mathrm{FeSO}_{4} & \mathrm{Al}_{2}(\mathrm{SO}_{4})_{3} \\ \mathrm{AsO}_{4}{ }^{3-} & \mathrm{Na}_{3}\mathrm{AsO}_{4} & \mathrm{Ca}_{3}(\mathrm{AsO}_{4})_{2} & \mathrm{Fe}_{3}(\mathrm{AsO}_{4})_{2} & \mathrm{AlAsO}_{4} \\ \hline \end{array} $$

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Cation and Anion Pairings
In the world of chemistry, ions are charged particles that arise from the loss or gain of electrons. Typically, cations are positively charged ions, while anions carry a negative charge. The formation of ionic compounds involves the correct pairing of cations and anions to ensure that the overall charge of the compound is neutral. This means the number of positive charges from the cations must equal the number of negative charges from the anions.

For example, when sodium \((\text{Na}^+)\), a common cation, pairs with oxygen \((\text{O}^{2-})\), an anion, two sodium ions are required to balance the charge of one oxygen ion, forming \(\text{Na}_2\text{O}\). Proper pairing ensures that the compound is stable and neutral.

By understanding how different ions interact and pair with each other, we can predict the formulas of the compounds they form. Like any collaborative task, balance and correct pairing are key.
Chemical Formulas
Chemical formulas are a concise way of representing the composition of a chemical compound. They indicate the types and numbers of atoms or ions involved in the compound. When writing chemical formulas for ionic compounds, the cation is typically written first, followed by the anion. Subscripting numbers indicate the ratio of ions in the compound, ensuring charge neutrality.

Consider calcium and nitrate ions. Calcium \((\text{Ca}^{2+})\) can pair with nitrate \((\text{NO}_3^-)\). To neutralize the charge, one calcium ion combines with two nitrate ions, resulting in the formula \(\text{Ca(NO}_3)_2\). Each of these formulas tells us not only the types of ions involved but how many of each are needed to maintain electrical neutrality.

Remembering the charges and ensuring that they are balanced leads to correctly written chemical formulas. This provides clarity and precision in chemical communication.
Charge Balance in Ionic Compounds
Charge balance is critical in forming stable ionic compounds. This concept is rooted in the principle that matter wants to be electrically neutral. For any ionic compound, the sum of all positive charges of the cations must equal the sum of all negative charges of the anions. This equilibrium is what keeps the compound together in a stable formation.

For instance, to form aluminum oxide from aluminum \((\text{Al}^{3+})\) and oxygen \((\text{O}^{2-})\) ions, we need two aluminum ions \((2 \times 3^+ = 6^+)\) and three oxide ions \((3 \times 2^- = 6^-)\) to balance the charge. The resulting formula is \(\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3\), achieving a net charge of zero.

Making sure the charges are correctly balanced not only gives us the correct chemical formula but also reflects the inherent stability of the compound.
Periodic Table Elements
The periodic table serves as a fundamental tool in chemistry, providing insights into the properties and behaviors of elements, including their ionic tendencies. Elements on the left side of the table, like sodium \((\text{Na})\) and calcium \((\text{Ca})\), typically lose electrons to form cations. Conversely, elements on the right, like oxygen \((\text{O})\), usually gain electrons to become anions.

Knowing the position of an element often hints at its chemical behavior, including whether it more likely forms a cation or anion and what charge it should have. This makes it easier to predict how the element will interact with others.

The periodic table not only organizes elements based on increasing atomic number but also clusters them into groups that share similar chemical properties and valency, a helpful feature for understanding ionic compound formation.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Each of the following elements is capable of forming an ion in chemical reactions. By referring to the periodic table, predict the charge of the most stable ion of each: (a) Be, (b) \(\mathrm{Rb}\), (c) As, \((\mathbf{d})\) In, (e) At.

Carbonic acid occurs in carbonated beverages. When allowed to react with lithium hydroxide, it produces lithium carbonate. Lithium carbonate is used to treat depression and bipolar disorder. Write chemical formulas for carbonic acid, lithium hydroxide, and lithium carbonate.

Write the correct symbol, with both superscript and subscript, for each of the following. Use the list of elements in the front inside cover as needed: (a) the isotope of hafnium that contains 106 neutrons, \((\mathbf{b})\) the isotope of mercury with mass number \(201,(\mathbf{c})\) the isotope of rhenium with mass number \(187,(\mathbf{d})\) the isotope of calcium that has an equal number of protons and neutrons.

(a) What is meant by the term isomer? (b) Among the four alkanes, ethane, propane, butane, and pentane, which is capable of existing in isomeric forms?

For each of the following elements, write its chemical symbol, locate it in the periodic table, give its atomic number, and indicate whether it is a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal: (a) radon, (b) tellurium, (c) cadmium, (d) chromium, (e) barium, (f) selenium, \((\mathbf{g})\) sulphur.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.