/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 82 What is the anhydride for each o... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 22: Problem 82

What is the anhydride for each of the following acids: (a) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4},(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{HClO}_{3},(\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{HNO}_{2},(\mathbf{d}) \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3},(\mathbf{e}) \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4} ?\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The anhydrides for the given acids are: (a) H2SO4: \( \mathrm{SO}_{3} \), (b) HClO3: \( \mathrm{Cl}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3} \), (c) HNO2: \( \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3} \), (d) H2CO3: \( \mathrm{CO}_{2} \), and (e) H3PO4: \( \mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5} \).

Step by step solution

01

Identify the water molecule in each acid

For each of the given acids, we need to find the water molecule (H2O) that can be removed to form the anhydride. A good way to approach this is to focus on the hydrogens (H) that can combine with oxygen (O) to form H2O.
02

Remove water molecule and rewrite the anhydride formula

For each given acid, remove the H2O molecule and rewrite the chemical formula for the anhydride. Here's the solution for each of the acids: (a) H2SO4 Anhydride: \( \mathrm{SO}_{3} \) (removing H2O from the formula) (b) HClO3 Anhydride: \( \mathrm{Cl}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3} \) (removing H2O from the formula) (c) HNO2 Anhydride: \( \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3} \) (removing H2O from the formula) (d) H2CO3 Anhydride: \( \mathrm{CO}_{2} \) (removing H2O from the formula) (e) H3PO4 Anhydride: \( \mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5} \) (removing 1/2 H2O per phosphorus atom)
03

State the anhydrides of the given acids

The anhydrides for each of the given acids are: (a) H2SO4: \( \mathrm{SO}_{3} \) (b) HClO3: \( \mathrm{Cl}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3} \) (c) HNO2: \( \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3} \) (d) H2CO3: \( \mathrm{CO}_{2} \) (e) H3PO4: \( \mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5} \)

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Chemical Formulas
Chemical formulas are a concise way to represent chemical compounds. They show the number and type of atoms present in the smallest unit of a substance. Each element is represented by its chemical symbol, with subscript numbers indicating the amount of each element in the compound.
  • The formula \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) tells us there are 2 hydrogen atoms, 1 sulfur atom, and 4 oxygen atoms.
  • In \(\mathrm{HClO}_{3}\), it denotes 1 hydrogen, 1 chlorine, and 3 oxygens.
  • These formulas help identify how atoms bond to form different substances.
Chemical formulas are crucial in chemistry for understanding the composition of compounds. They serve as a basic language for chemists to communicate information about chemical substances accurately.
Water Molecule Removal
The process of forming an anhydride involves the removal of water molecules from an acid. This operation is fundamental in organic and inorganic chemistry, as it transforms acids into their corresponding anhydrides.

To remove a water molecule (\(H_2O\)), one has to look for two hydrogen atoms (\(H\)) and one oxygen atom (\(O\)) in the acid's chemical formula.
  • For \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{SO}_{4}\), when you remove \(H_2O\), you're left with \(\mathrm{SO}_{3}\), the anhydride.
  • In the case of \(\mathrm{HClO}_{3}\), dropping the water molecule gives \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\mathrm{O}_{3}\).
  • This method is systematic across different acids, ensuring precise transformations.
The concept of water removal is vital since anhydrides often have different properties and reactions compared to their parent acids.
Inorganic Chemistry
Inorganic chemistry deals with compounds that are not based on carbon-hydrogen bonds. This branch of chemistry plays a significant role in producing and studying an array of substances, including oxides, salts, and anhydrides.

When we talk about acid anhydrides in inorganic chemistry, we're referring to non-carbon based compounds formed typically from the dehydration of acids.
  • For instance, \(\mathrm{SO}_{3}\) is an inorganic anhydride derived from \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{SO}_{4}\).
  • These substances often have varied and application-rich uses in industrial chemistry.
  • Understanding these transformations forms a base for more complex inorganic reactions and processes.
Inorganic chemistry provides fundamental insights into material properties and is key to advancements in technology, medicine, and environmental science.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

The solubility of \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) in 100 \(\mathrm{g}\) of water at STP is 310 \(\mathrm{cm}^{3}\) . Assume that this quantity of \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) is dissolved and equilibrated as follows: $$\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Cl}^{-}(a q)+\mathrm{HClO}(a q)+\mathrm{H}^{+}(a q)$$ (a) If the equilibrium constant for this reaction is \(4.7 \times 10^{-4}\) , calculate the equilibrium concentration of HClO formed. (b) What is the pH of the final solution?

Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false (a) \(\mathrm{H}_{2}(g)\) and \(\mathrm{D}_{2}(g)\) are allotropic forms of hydrogen. (b) \(\mathrm{ClF}_{3}\) is an interhalogen compound. (c) MgO(s) is an acidic anhydride. (d) \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}(g)\) is an acidic anhydride. (e) \(2 \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}(l) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{4} \mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}(l)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g)\) is an example of a condensation reaction. (f) Tritium is an isotope of the element hydrogen. (g) \(2 \mathrm{SO}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{SO}_{3}(g)\) is an example of a disproportionation reaction.

(a) How does the structure of diborane \(\left(\mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}\right)\) differ from that of ethane \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}\right) ?(\mathbf{b})\) Explain why diborane adopts the geometry that it does. (c) What is the significance of the statement that the hydrogen atoms in diborane are described as "hydridic"?

Write a balanced equation for each of the following reactions. (You may have to guess at one or more of the reaction products, but you should be able to make a reasonable guess, based on your study of this chapter.) (a) Hydrogen selenide can be prepared by reaction of an aqueous acid solution on aluminum selenide. (b) Sodium thiosulfate is used to remove excess \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) from chlorine-bleached fabrics. The thiosulfate ion forms \(\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-}\) and elemental sulfur, while \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) is reduced to \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\) .

Why does xenon form stable compounds with fluorine, whereas argon does not?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.