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Chapter 22: Problem 66

Give the chemical formula for (a) carbonic acid, (b) sodium cyanide, (c) potassium hydrogen carbonate, (d) acetylene, (e) iron pentacarbonyl.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) H2CO3, (b) NaCN, (c) KHCO3, (d) C2H2, (e) Fe(CO)5

Step by step solution

01

(a) Carbonic Acid

Carbonic Acid is composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen. The compound is formed between Carbonate ion (CO3^2-) and Hydrogen ion (H^+). Since Carbonate ion has a -2 charge and Hydrogen ion has a +1 charge, we need to balance the charges in the compound by having two Hydrogen ions. So, the chemical formula for Carbonic Acid would be H2CO3.
02

(b) Sodium Cyanide

Sodium Cyanide is composed of Sodium and the Cyanide ion. Sodium has a +1 charge (Na^+) and Cyanide ion has a -1 charge (CN^-). Therefore, the chemical formula for Sodium Cyanide would be NaCN, since the charges of the two ions are balanced in a 1:1 ratio.
03

(c) Potassium Hydrogen Carbonate

Potassium Hydrogen Carbonate is composed of Potassium, Hydrogen, and the Carbonate ion. Potassium has a +1 charge (K^+), Hydrogen has a +1 charge (H^+), and the Carbonate ion has a -2 charge (CO3^2-). To balance the charges, we need one Potassium ion and one Hydrogen ion. So, the chemical formula for Potassium Hydrogen Carbonate would be KHCO3.
04

(d) Acetylene

Acetylene is composed of Carbon and Hydrogen. The compound is formed by two Carbon atoms connected by a triple bond and each Carbon atom connected to one Hydrogen atom. The chemical formula for Acetylene would be C2H2.
05

(e) Iron Pentacarbonyl

Iron Pentacarbonyl consists of Iron and five Carbon monoxide molecules. Since the number of Carbon monoxide molecules is "penta" (which means five), we need to combine Iron with five CO molecules. So, the chemical formula for Iron Pentacarbonyl would be Fe(CO)5.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Both dimethylhydrazine, \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{NNH}_{2}\), and methylhydrazine, \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{NHNH}_{2}\), have been used as rocket fuels. When dinitrogen tetroxide \(\left(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\right)\) is used as the oxidizer, the products are \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{CO}_{2}\), and \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\). If the thrust of the rocket depends on the volume of the products produced, which of the substituted hydrazines produces a greater thrust per gram total mass of oxidizer plus fuel? (Assume that both fuels generate the same temperature and that \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g)\) is formed.)

Give a reason why hydrogen might be placed along with the group lA elements of the periodic table.

\text { Write the balanced nuclear equation for the process summarized as }{ }_{13}^{27} \mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{n}, \alpha)_{11}^{24} \mathrm{Na} \text {. }SOLUTION Analyze We must go from the condensed descriptive form of the reaction to the balanced nuclear equation. Plan We arrive at the balanced equation by writing \(\mathrm{n}\) and \(\alpha\), each with its associated subscripts and superscripts. Solve The \(\mathrm{n}\) is the abbreviation for a neutron \(\left({ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}\right)\) and \(\alpha\) represents an alpha particle ( \(\left.{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He}\right)\). The neutron is the bombarding particle, and the alpha particle is a product. Therefore, the nuclear equation is $$ { }_{13}^{27} \mathrm{Al}+{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n} \longrightarrow{ }_{11}^{24} \mathrm{Na}+{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He} \text { or } \quad{ }_{13}^{27} \mathrm{Al}+\mathrm{n} \longrightarrow{ }_{11}^{24} \mathrm{Na}+\alpha $$

Write balanced equations for each of the following reactions (some of these are analogous to reactions shown in the chapter). (a) Aluminum metal rcacts with acids to form hydrogen gas. (b) Steam reacts with magnesium metal to give magnesium oxide and hydrogen. (c) Manganese(IV) oxide is reduced to manganesc(II) oxide by hydrogen gas. (d) Calcium hydride reacts with water to generate hydrogen gas.

Complete and balance the following equations: (a) \(\mathrm{Mg}_{3} \mathrm{~N}_{2}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)\) (b) \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{7} \mathrm{OH}(l)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow\) (c) \(\mathrm{MnO}_{2}(s)+\mathrm{C}(s) \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow}\) (d) \(\mathrm{AlP}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow\) (e) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{~S}(s)+\mathrm{HCl}(a q) \longrightarrow\)
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