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Chapter 22: Problem 65

Give the chemical formula for (a) hydrocyanic acid, (b) nickel tetracarbonyl, (c) barium bicarbonate, (d) calcium acetylide, (e) potassium carbonate.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The chemical formulas for the given compounds are: (a) hydrocyanic acid: \(HCN\), (b) nickel tetracarbonyl: \(Ni(CO)_4\), (c) barium bicarbonate: \(Ba(HCO_3)_2\), (d) calcium acetylide: \(CaC_2\), and (e) potassium carbonate: \(K_2CO_3\).

Step by step solution

01

1. Identifying elements and their charges

Hydrocyanic acid is composed of hydrogen (H) with a charge of +1 and cyanide ion (CN) with a charge of -1.
02

2. Combining elements

Since hydrogen has a charge of +1 and cyanide ion has a charge of -1, we can combine one hydrogen atom (H) with one cyanide ion (CN) to achieve a net charge of zero. Therefore, the chemical formula for hydrocyanic acid is \(HCN\). (b) Nickel tetracarbonyl
03

1. Identifying elements and their charges

Nickel tetracarbonyl is composed of nickel (Ni) with a charge of +2 and four carbonyl groups (CO), each with a charge of -1.
04

2. Combining elements

Since nickel has a charge of +2 and one carbonyl group has a charge of -1, we need to combine one nickel atom (Ni) with four carbonyl groups (CO) to achieve a net charge of zero. Therefore, the chemical formula for nickel tetracarbonyl is \(Ni(CO)_4\). (c) Barium bicarbonate
05

1. Identifying elements and their charges

Barium bicarbonate is composed of barium ion (Ba) with a charge of +2 and two bicarbonate ions (HCO3) each with a charge of -1.
06

2. Combining elements

Since barium has a charge of +2 and each bicarbonate ion has a charge of -1, we need to combine one barium ion (Ba) with two bicarbonate ions (HCO3) to achieve a net charge of zero. Therefore, the chemical formula for barium bicarbonate is \(Ba(HCO_3)_2\). (d) Calcium acetylide
07

1. Identifying elements and their charges

Calcium acetylide is composed of calcium ion (Ca) with a charge of +2 and acetylide ion (C2) with a charge of -2.
08

2. Combining elements

Since calcium has a charge of +2 and acetylide ion has a charge of -2, we can combine one calcium ion (Ca) with one acetylide ion (C2) to achieve a net charge of zero. Therefore, the chemical formula for calcium acetylide is \(CaC_2\). (e) Potassium carbonate
09

1. Identifying elements and their charges

Potassium carbonate is composed of potassium ions (K) each with a charge of +1 and a carbonate ion (CO3) with a charge of -2.
10

2. Combining elements

Since potassium ion has a charge of +1 and carbonate ion has a charge of -2, we need to combine two potassium ions (K) with one carbonate ion (CO3) to achieve a net charge of zero. Therefore, the chemical formula for potassium carbonate is \(K_2CO_3\).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Borazine, \((\mathrm{BH})_{3}(\mathrm{NH})_{3}\), is an analog of \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}\), benzene. It can be prepared from the reaction of diborane with ammonia, with hydrogen as another product; or from lithium borohydride and ammonium chloride, with lithium chloride and hydrogen as the other products. (a) Write balanced chemical equations for the production of borazine using both synthetic methods. (b) Draw the Lewis dot structure of borazine. (c) How many grams of borazine can be prepared from \(2.00 \mathrm{~L}\) of ammonia at STP, assuming diborane is in excess?

(a) Determine the number of calcium ions in the chemical formula of the mineral hardystonite, \(\mathrm{Ca}_{x} \mathrm{Zn}\left(\mathrm{Si}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}\right)\). (b) Determine the number of hydroxide ions in the chemical formula of the mineral pyrophyllite, \(\mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{Si}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{OH})_{x}\).

(a) What is the characteristic geometry about silicon in all silicate minerals? (b) Metasilicic acid has the empirical formula \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SiO}_{3}\). Which of the structures shown in Figure \(22.34\) would you expect metasilicic acid to have? 22.76 Speculate as to why carbon forms carbonate rather than silicate analogs.

Complete and balance the following equations: (a) \(\mathrm{Mg}_{3} \mathrm{~N}_{2}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)\) (b) \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{7} \mathrm{OH}(l)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow\) (c) \(\mathrm{MnO}_{2}(s)+\mathrm{C}(s) \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow}\) (d) \(\mathrm{AlP}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow\) (e) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{~S}(s)+\mathrm{HCl}(a q) \longrightarrow\)

The dissolved oxygen present in any highly pressurized, high-temperature steam boiler can be extremely corrosive to its metal parts. Hydrazine, which is completely miscible with water, can be added to remove oxygen by reacting with it to form nitrogen and water. (a) Write the balanced equation for the reaction between gaseous hydrazine and oxygen. (b) Calculate the enthalpy change accompanying this reaction. (c) Oxygen in air dissolves in water to the extent of \(9.1\) Ppm at \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) at sea level. How many grams of hydrazine are required to react with all the oxygen in \(3.0 \times 10^{4} \mathrm{~L}\) (the volume of a small swimming pool) under these conditions?
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