/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 49 Which of the following statement... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

91影视

Log out

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 10: Problem 49

Which of the following statements best explains why a closed balloon filled with helium gas rises in air? (a) Helium is a monatomic gas, whereas nearly all the molecules that make up air, such as nitrogen and oxygen, are diatomic. (b) The average speed of helium atoms is greater than the average speed of air molecules, and the greater speed of collisions with the balloon walls propels the balloon upward. (c) Because the helium atoms are of lower mass than the average air molecule, the helium gas is less dense than air. The mass of the balloon is thus less than the mass of the air displaced by its volume. (d) Because helium has a lower molar mass than the average air molecule, the helium atoms are in faster motion. This means that the temperature of the helium is greater than the air temperature. Hot gases tend to rise.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The best explanation for why a closed balloon filled with helium gas rises in air is statement (c): Because the helium atoms are of lower mass than the average air molecule, the helium gas is less dense than air. The mass of the balloon is thus less than the mass of the air displaced by its volume. This is in line with the buoyancy principle and explains the rising of the helium-filled balloon in air.

Step by step solution

01

Statement (a) analysis

Helium is indeed a monatomic gas, while nitrogen and oxygen are diatomic. However, being monatomic or diatomic does not directly explain why the closed balloon filled with helium rises in air confidently.
02

Statement (b) analysis

Helium atoms are lighter and have higher average speed than air molecules, but the greater speed of collisions with the balloon walls does not constantly propel the balloon upward. Simply having a higher collision speed does not guarantee a continuous rising motion.
03

Statement (c) analysis

Helium atoms are of lower mass than the average air molecule, so the helium gas inside the balloon is less dense than air. The mass of the balloon is thus less than the mass of the air displaced by its volume. This explanation is in line with the buoyancy principle, making it the most likely reason for why a helium-filled balloon rises in air.
04

Statement (d) analysis

Although helium has a lower molar mass than the average air molecule and can be in faster motion due to lighter atoms, this does not necessarily mean that the helium's temperature is greater than the air temperature. Additionally, hot gases do tend to rise, but this factor alone does not fully explain the rising of the helium-filled balloon in air. In conclusion, the most appropriate explanation for why a closed balloon filled with helium gas rises in air is statement (c): Because the helium atoms are of lower mass than the average air molecule, the helium gas is less dense than air. The mass of the balloon is thus less than the mass of the air displaced by its volume.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with 91影视!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Carbon dioxide, which is recognized as the major contributor to global warming as a "greenhouse gas," is formed when fossil fuels are combusted, as in electrical power plants fueled by coal, oil, or natural gas. One potential way to reduce the amount of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) added to the atmosphere is to store it as a compressed gas in underground formations. Consider a 1000 -megawatt coal-fired power plant that produces about \(6 \times 10^{6}\) tons of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) per year. (a) Assuming ideal-gas behavior, \(1.00 \mathrm{~atm}\), and \(27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), calculate the volume of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) produced by this power plant. (b) If the \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) is stored underground as a liquid at \(10^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(120 \mathrm{~atm}\) and a density of \(1.2 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\), what volume does it possess? (c) If it is stored underground as a gas at \(36^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(90 \mathrm{~atm}\), what volume does it occupy?

(a) What conditions are represented by the abbreviation STP? (b) What is the molar volume of an ideal gas at STP? (c) Room temperature is often assumed to be \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Calculate the molar volume of an ideal gas at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and 1 atm pressure. (d) If you measure pressure in bars instead of atmospheres, calculate the corresponding value of \(R\) in L-bar/mol-K.

Consider a mixture of two gases, \(A\) and \(B\), confined in a closed vessel. A quantity of a third gas, \(C\), is added to the same vessel at the same temperature. How does the addition of gas \(C\) affect the following: (a) the partial pressure of gas A, (b) the total pressure in the vessel, (c) the mole fraction of gas B?

The metabolic oxidation of glucose, \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}\), in our bodies produces \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\), which is expelled from our lungs as a gas: $$ \mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}(a q)+6 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) $$ (a) Calculate the volume of dry \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) produced at body temperature \(\left(37^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\right)\) and \(0.970 \mathrm{~atm}\) when \(24.5 \mathrm{~g}\) of glucose is consumed in this reaction. (b) Calculate the volume of oxygen you would need, at \(1.00\) atm and \(298 \mathrm{~K}\), to completely oxidize \(50.0 \mathrm{~g}\) of glucose.

(a) A liquid and a gas are moved to larger containers. How does their behavior differ once they are in the larger containers? Explain the difference in molecular terms. (b) Although liquid water and carbon tetrachloride, \(\mathrm{CCl}_{4}(l)\), do not mix, their vapors form a homogeneous mixture. Explain. (c) Gas densities are generally reported in grams per liter, whereas liquid densities are reported in grams per milliliter. Explain the molecular basis for this difference.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.