/*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} Problem 62 Some metal oxides, such as \(\ma... [FREE SOLUTION] | 91影视

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Chapter 7: Problem 62

Some metal oxides, such as \(\mathrm{Sc}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3},\) do not react with pure water, but they do react when the solution becomes either acidic or basic. Do you expect \(\mathrm{Sc}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) to react when the solution becomes acidic or when it becomes basic? Write a balanced chemical equation to support your answer.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Sc2O3 reacts when the solution becomes acidic, as Scandium is located at the top of group 3 in the periodic table and forms basic oxides. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of Sc2O3 with HCl is: \(Sc_{2}O_{3} (s) + 6HCl (aq) \rightarrow 2ScCl_{3} (aq) + 3H_{2}O (l)\)

Step by step solution

01

Determine the nature of Scandium

Scandium (Sc) is a metal located in group 3 of the periodic table. Elements in group 3 generally form amphoteric oxides, which means they can react with both acidic and basic solutions. However, the tendency of these elements to form acidic or basic oxides depends on their position within the group. Elements at the top of the group have a stronger tendency to form basic oxides, while elements at the bottom tend to form acidic oxides. Scandium is at the top of Group 3.
02

Predict the behavior of Sc2O3

Since Scandium is at the top of group 3, its oxide (Sc2O3) has a higher tendency to form basic oxides. Therefore, Sc2O3 reacts when the solution becomes acidic, while it would not react with a basic solution.
03

Write the balanced chemical equation

Now, let's write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of Sc2O3 with an acidic solution, such as HCl (hydrochloric acid): \(Sc_{2}O_{3} (s) + 6HCl (aq) \rightarrow 2ScCl_{3} (aq) + 3H_{2}O (l)\) In this balanced equation, solid Scandium(III) oxide (Sc2O3) reacts with an aqueous solution of Hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form an aqueous solution of Scandium(III) chloride (ScCl3) and water (H2O).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

For each of the following sets of atoms and ions, arrange the members in order of increasing size: (a) \(\mathrm{Se}^{2-}, \mathrm{Te}^{2-}, \mathrm{Se}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Co}^{3+}, \mathrm{Fe}^{2+}, \mathrm{Fe}^{3+}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Be}^{2+}, \mathrm{Na}^{+}, \mathrm{Ne}\). (c) \(\mathrm{Ca}, \mathrm{Ti}^{4+}, \mathrm{Sc}^{3+}\)

Potassium superoxide, \(\mathrm{KO}_{2}\), is often used in oxygen masks (such as those used by firefighters) because \(\mathrm{KO}_{2}\) reacts with \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) to release molecular oxygen. Experiments indicate that \(2 \mathrm{~mol}\) of \(\mathrm{KO}_{2}(s)\) react with each mole of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}(g) .\) (a) The products of the reaction are \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}(s)\) and \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) .\) Write a balanced equation for the reaction between \(\mathrm{KO}_{2}(s)\) and \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}(g) .\) (b) Indicate the oxidation number for each atom involved in the reaction in part (a). What elements are being oxidized and reduced? (c) What mass of \(\mathrm{KO}_{2}(s)\) is needed to consume \(18.0 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g) ?\) What mass of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(g)\) is produced during this reaction?

(a) What is the general relationship between the size of an atom and its first ionization energy? (b) Which element in the periodic table has the largest ionization energy? Which has the smallest?

Hydrogen is an unusual element because it behaves in some ways like the alkali metal elements and in other ways like nonmetals. Its properties can be explained in part by its electron configuration and by the values for its ionization energy and electron affinity, (a) Explain why the electron affinity of hydrogen is much closer to the values for the alkali elements than for the halogens. (b) Is the following statement true? "Hydrogen has the smallest bonding atomic radius of any element that forms chemical compounds." If not, correct it. If it is, explain in terms of electron configurations. (c) Explain why the ionization energy of hydrogen is closer to the values for the halogens than for the alkali metals. (d) The hydride ion is \(\mathrm{H}\). Write out the process corresponding to the first ionization energy of hydride. (e) How does the process you wrote in part (d) compare to the process for the electron affinity of elemental hydrogen?

The interior of the planets Jupiter and Saturn are believed to contain metallic hydrogen: hydrogen that is put under such tremendous pressure that it no longer exists as \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\), molecules, but instead exists as an extended metallic solid. Predict what properties metallic hydrogen might have compared to "normal" hydrogen in terms of first ionization energy, atomic size, and reactivity.
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