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Carry out the following conversions: (a) 0.105 in. to \(\mathrm{mm},\) (b) 0.650 qt to \(\mathrm{mL},\) (c) \(8.75 \mu \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}\) to \(\mathrm{km} / \mathrm{hr}\), (d) \(1.955 \mathrm{~m}^{3}\) to \(\mathrm{yd}^{3}\), (e) $$\$ 3.99 / \mathrm{lb}$$ to dollars per \(\mathrm{kg}\), (f) \(8.75 \mathrm{lb} / \mathrm{ft}^{3}\) to \(\mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The short answer for each conversion is as follows: (a) 0.105 in. = 2.667 mm (b) 0.650 qt = 615.13 mL (c) 8.75 渭m/s = 0.0000275 km/hr (d) 1.955 m鲁 = 2.257 yd鲁 (e) $3.99/lb = $8.80/kg (f) 8.75 lb/ft鲁 = 0.139 g/mL

Step by step solution

01

(a) 0.105 in. to mm

Conversion factor: 1 in. = 25.4 mm 0.105 in. x 25.4 mm = 2.667 mm
02

(b) 0.650 qt to mL

Conversion factor: 1 qt = 946.353 mL 0.650 qt x 946.353 mL = 615.13 mL
03

(c) 8.75 渭m/s to km/hr

Conversion factor: 1 渭m = 1 x 10鈦烩伓 km and 1 s = 1/3600 hr 8.75 渭m/s x (1 x 10鈦烩伓 km / 1 渭m) x (1 hr / 3600 s) = 0.0000275 km/hr
04

(d) 1.955 m鲁 to yd鲁

Conversion factor: 1 m鲁 = 1.30795 yd鲁 1.955 m鲁 x 1.30795 yd鲁 = 2.257 yd鲁
05

(e) $3.99/lb to dollars per kg

Conversion factor: 1 lb = 0.453592 kg (3.99 \(/lb) 梅 (0.453592 kg/lb) = 8.80 \)/kg
06

(f) 8.75 lb/ft鲁 to g/mL

Conversion factor: 1 lb = 453.592 g and 1 ft鲁 = 28316.8 mL (8.75 lb/ft鲁) x (453.592 g/lb) x (1 ft鲁 / 28316.8 mL) = 0.139 g/mL

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Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Dimensional Analysis
Dimensional analysis is a mathematical technique widely used in science and engineering to convert one unit of measure to another. It's like a road trip where you map out your path using the specific directions and distances between points. In the classroom, it's an essential tool in understanding the relationship between different units and mastering unit conversions.

To carry out dimensional analysis, you start with the quantity you want to convert and multiply it by a series of conversion factors. These factors are fractions that represent the equality between units but are written in a form that allows canceling out the units you're converting from. It鈥檚 like exchanging currency when traveling abroad - you start with what you have and, using the exchange rate (a conversion factor), you end up with the currency you need.

For example, step 2 of the exercise given uses dimensional analysis to convert 0.650 quarts to milliliters. The solution uses the conversion factor that 1 quart is equivalent to 946.353 milliliters to navigate from quarts to milliliters.
Conversion Factors
Conversion factors are the exchange rates between units of measurement that you use during dimensional analysis. They allow you to convert quantities from one unit to another seamlessly. A conversion factor is created from any two quantities known to be equivalent. One key aspects when working with conversion factors is the principle of unity; it states that any number or quantity multiplied by one remains unchanged. Conversion factors are essentially a sophisticated form of the number one.

Imagine you're translating a book from one language to another. Each conversion factor is like a snippet of a bilingual dictionary that tells you exactly how a unit in one language translates to a unit in another language without changing the meaning - or in this case, the value. In our exercises, each step includes a specific conversion factor to translate the units correctly. For instance, to convert dollars per pound to dollars per kilogram, step 5 utilizes the conversion factor that 1 pound is equivalent to about 0.453592 kilograms.
Metric Conversion
Metric conversion involves changing measurements within the metric system or to different systems of measurement, like the imperial system used in the United States. The metric system is a decimal-based system of measurement, which makes it very straightforward to move between units - just like adding zeroes or moving decimal points.

Analogous to resizing photos for different platforms, where the image is still the same but fits into various contexts, metric conversions reshape measurements into new units without altering the quantity. For example, converting micrograms per second to kilometers per hour, as in step 3, requires understanding both the metric unit prefixes (micro and kilo) and the time unit relationships (seconds and hours). It's this versatility and ease of use that makes metric conversions a fundamental skill in many fields, particularly science and engineering.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A package of aluminum foil contains \(50 \mathrm{ft}^{2}\) of foil, which weighs approximately 8.0 oz. Aluminum has a density of \(2.70 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\). What is the approximate thickness of the foil in millimeters?

a) The temperature on a warm summer day is \(87^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\). What is the temperature in \({ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\) (b) Many scientific data are reported at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). What is this temperature in kelvins and in degrees Fahrenheit? (c) Suppose that a recipe calls for an oven temperature of \(400{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{F}\). Convert this temperature to degrees Celsius and to kelvins. (d) Liquid nitrogen boils at \(77 \mathrm{~K}\). Convert this temperature to degrees Fahrenheit and to degrees Celsius.

Indicate which of the following are exact numbers: (a) the mass of a 32 -oz can of coffee, (b) the number of students in your chemistry class, \((\mathbf{c})\) the temperature of the surface of the sun, (d) the mass of a postage stamp, (e) the number of milliliters in a cubic meter of water, (f) the average height of students in your school.

Give the chemical symbol or name for each of the following elements, as appropriate: (a) carbon, (b) nitrogen, (c) titanium, \((\mathbf{d})\) zinc, \((\mathbf{e})\) iron, \((\mathbf{f}) \mathrm{P},(\mathrm{g}) \mathrm{Ca},(\mathbf{h}) \mathrm{He},(\mathbf{i}) \mathrm{Pb},(\mathbf{j}) \mathrm{Ag} .\)

Is the use of significant figures in each of the following statements appropriate? Why or why not? (a) Apple sold 22,727,000 iPods during the last three months of 2008 . (b) New York City receives 49.7 inches of rain, on average, per year. (c) In the United States, \(0.621 \%\) of the population has the surname Brown. (d) You calculate your grade point average to be \(3.87562 .\)

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