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Chapter 4: Q4 E (page 214)

Balance the following equations:

\(\begin{array}{l}\left( a \right)\,Ag\left( s \right) + {H_2}S\left( g \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right) \to A{g_2}S\left( s \right) + {H_2}O\left( l \right)\\\left( b \right)\,{P_4}\left( s \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right) \to {P_4}{O_{10}}\left( s \right)\\\left( c \right)\,Pb\left( s \right) + {H_2}O\left( l \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right) \to Pb{\left( {OH} \right)_2}\left( s \right)\\\left( d \right)\,Fe\left( s \right) + {H_2}O\left( l \right) \to F{e_3}{O_4}\left( s \right) + {H_2}\left( g \right)\\\left( e \right)\,S{c_2}{O_3}\left( s \right) + S{O_3}\left( g \right) \to S{c_2}{\left( {S{O_4}} \right)_3}\left( s \right)\\\left( f \right)\,C{a_3}{\left( {P{O_4}} \right)_2}\left( {aq} \right) + {H_3}P{O_4}\left( {aq} \right) \to Ca{\left( {{H_2}P{O_4}} \right)_2}\left( {aq} \right)\\\left( g \right)\,Al\left( s \right) + {H_2}S{O_4}\left( {aq} \right) \to A{l_2}{\left( {S{O_4}} \right)_3}\left( s \right) + {H_2}\left( g \right)\\\left( h \right)\,TiC{l_4}\left( s \right) + {H_2}O\left( g \right) \to Ti{O_2}\left( s \right) + HCl\left( g \right)\end{array}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified

The equations after balance are as follows:

\(\begin{array}{l}\left( a \right)\,4Ag\left( s \right) + 2{H_2}S\left( g \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right) \to 2A{g_2}S\left( s \right) + 2{H_2}O\left( l \right)\\\left( b \right)\,{P_4}\left( s \right) + 5{O_2}\left( g \right) \to {P_4}{O_{10}}\left( s \right)\\\left( c \right)\,2Pb\left( s \right) + 2{H_2}O\left( l \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right) \to 2Pb{\left( {OH} \right)_2}\left( s \right)\\\left( d \right)\,3Fe\left( s \right) + 4{H_2}O\left( l \right) \to F{e_3}{O_4}\left( s \right) + 4{H_2}\left( g \right)\\\left( e \right)\,S{c_2}{O_3}\left( s \right) + 3S{O_3}\left( g \right) \to S{c_2}{\left( {S{O_4}} \right)_3}\left( s \right)\\\left( f \right)\,C{a_3}{\left( {P{O_4}} \right)_2}\left( {aq} \right) + 4{H_3}P{O_4}\left( {aq} \right) \to 3Ca{\left( {{H_2}P{O_4}} \right)_2}\left( {aq} \right)\\\left( g \right)\,2Al\left( s \right) + 3{H_2}S{O_4}\left( {aq} \right) \to A{l_2}{\left( {S{O_4}} \right)_3}\left( s \right) + 3{H_2}\left( g \right)\\\left( h \right)\,TiC{l_4}\left( s \right) + 2{H_2}O\left( g \right) \to Ti{O_2}\left( s \right) + 4HCl\left( g \right)\end{array}\)

Step by step solution

01

First balance silver and sulfur, followed by hydrogen and oxygen, for part (a)

\(4Ag\left( s \right) + 2{H_2}S\left( g \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right) \to 2A{g_2}S\left( s \right) + 2{H_2}O\left( l \right)\)

Draw balancing table for the equation:

Element

Reactant

Product

Balanced? yes

Ag

4脳1

2脳2

4=4

S

2脳1

2脳1

2=2

H

2脳2

2脳2

4=4

O

1脳2

2脳1

2=2

02

Balance phosphorus and oxygen for part (b)

\({P_4}\left( s \right) + 5{O_2}\left( g \right) \to {P_4}{O_{10}}\left( s \right)\)

Draw balancing table for the equation:

Element

Reactant

Product

Balanced? yes

P

1脳4

1脳4

4=4

O

5脳2

1脳10

10=10

03

Balance lead, hydrogen and oxygen for part (c)

\(2Pb\left( s \right) + 2{H_2}O\left( l \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right) \to 2Pb{\left( {OH} \right)_2}\left( s \right)\)

Draw balancing table for the equation:

Element

Reactant

Product

Balanced? yes

Pb

2脳1

2脳1

2=2

H

2脳2

2脳2

4=4

O

2脳1+1脳2

2脳2

4=4

04

Balance iron, hydrogen and oxygen for part (d)

\(3Fe\left( s \right) + 4{H_2}O\left( l \right) \to F{e_3}{O_4}\left( s \right) + 4{H_2}\left( g \right)\)

Draw balancing table for the equation:

Element

Reactant

Product

Balanced? yes

Fe

3脳1

1脳3

3=3

H

4脳2

4脳2

8=8

O

4脳1

1脳4

4=4

05

Balance scandium, sulfur and oxygen for part (e)

\(S{c_2}{O_3}\left( s \right) + 3S{O_3}\left( g \right) \to S{c_2}{\left( {S{O_4}} \right)_3}\left( s \right)\)

Draw balancing table for the equation:

Element

Reactant

Product

Balanced? yes

Sc

1脳2

1脳2

2=2

S

3脳1

1脳3

3=3

O

1脳3+3脳3

1脳12

12=12

06

Balance calcium, phosphorus, hydrogen and oxygen

\(C{a_3}{\left( {P{O_4}} \right)_2}\left( {aq} \right) + 4{H_3}P{O_4}\left( {aq} \right) \to 3Ca\left( {{H_2}P{O_4}} \right)\)

Draw balancing table for the equation:

Element

Reactant

Product

Balanced? yes

Ca

1脳3

3脳1

3=3

P

1脳2+4脳1

3脳2

6=6

H

4脳3

3脳4

12=12

O

1脳8+4脳4

3脳8

24=24

07

Balance aluminium, sulfur, hydrogen and oxygen

\(2Al\left( s \right) + 3{H_2}S{O_4}\left( {aq} \right) \to A{l_2}{\left( {S{O_4}} \right)_3}\left( s \right) + 3{H_2}\left( g \right)\)

Draw balancing table for the equation:

Element

Reactant

Product

Balanced? yes

Al

2脳1

1脳2

2=2

S

3脳1

1脳3

3=3

H

3脳2

3脳2

6=6

O

3脳4

1脳12

12=12

08

Balance titanium, chlorine, hydrogen and oxygen

\(TiC{l_4}\left( s \right) + 2{H_2}O\left( g \right) \to Ti{O_2}\left( s \right) + 4HCl\left( g \right)\)

Draw balancing table for the equation:

Element

Reactant

Product

Balanced? yes

Ti

1脳1

1脳1

1=1

Cl

1脳4

4脳1

4=4

H

2脳2

4脳1

4=4

O

2脳1

1脳2

2=2

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