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Chapter 21: Q58E (page 1207)

If a hospital were storing radioisotopes, what is the minimum containment needed to protect against:

(a) cobalt\({\rm{ - 60}}\)(a strong 纬 emitter used for irradiation)

(b) molybdenum\({\rm{ - 99}}\)(a beta emitter used to produce technetium\({\rm{ - 99}}\)for imaging).

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) A thick covering of metal can be used to block gamma radiation.

(b) A small covering of metal can be used to block beta rays.

Step by step solution

01

Step 1: Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear chemistry is a branch of chemistry that studies radioactivity, nuclear processes, and atomic nuclei alterations such as nuclear transmutation and nuclear characteristics.

02

Subpart a)

We have a powerful\({\rm{\gamma }}\)emitter, cobalt\({\rm{ - 60}}\), that we employ for radiation. Gamma rays have an extremely high penetrating strength and may readily penetrate through human tissue. A heavy covering of lead can be used to halt them.

Therefore, a thick layer of metal is used to stop gamma rays.

03

Subpart b)

Molybdenum\({\rm{ - 99}}\) is used to make technetium\({\rm{ - 99}}\) because it contains beta emitters. The penetrating and ionizing capability of beta rays is modest. A thin metal shielding can be utilized to defend against beta rays.

Therefore, beta rays can be stopped by using a thin layer of metal.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question:What are the types of radiation emitted by the nuclei of radioactive elements?

Describe how the potential energy of uranium is converted into electrical energy in a nuclear power plant.

Question: What is the change in the nucleus that results from the following decay scenarios?

(a) emission of a \({\rm{\beta }}\) particle

(b) emission of a \({{\rm{\beta }}^{\rm{ + }}}\) particle

(c) capture of an electron

For each of the isotopes in Exercise 21.1, determine the numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a neutral atom of the isotope.

(a) \(_{11}^{24}Na\)

(b) \(_{13}^{29}Al\)

(c) \(73Kr\)

(d) \(_{77}^{194}Ir\)

which of the following nuclei lie within the band of stability shown in Figure\(21.2\)?

(a) chlorine-37

(b) calcium-40

(c)\(^{204}Bi\)

(d)\(^{56}Fe\)

(e)\(^{206}\;Pb\)

(f)\(^{211}\;Pb\)

(g)\(^{222}Rn\)

(h) carbon-14
See all solutions

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