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Chapter 9: Q21 E (page 508)

An alternate way to state Avogadro鈥檚 law is 鈥淎ll other things being equal, the number of molecules in a gas is directly proportional to the volume of the gas.鈥� (a) What is the meaning of the term 鈥渄irectly proportional?鈥� (b) What are the 鈥渙ther things鈥� that must be equal?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) "Directly proportional" suggests that if one value increases, the other increases as well.

(b) The temperature and pressure must both be the same.

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Boyle’s law

Avogadro's law, also known as Avogadro-hypothesis, Amp猫re's is a gas law that relates the volume of a gas to the amount of gas material present.

02

Explaining the term directly proportional

(a)

The word "directly proportional" refers to the fact that when one number rises, the other rises with it. Avogadro's law states that as the number of gas molecules increases, so does the volume of the gas (and vice versa).

03

Explaining what are the “other things” that must be equal

(b)

The temperature and pressure are the "other things" that must be equal for Avogadro's law to be valid.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A litre of methane gas, \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_4}\), at STP contains more atoms of hydrogen than does a litre of pure hydrogen gas, \({{\rm{H}}_2}\), at STP. Using Avogadro's law as a starting point, explain why.

Question: Calculate the relative rate of diffusion of \(^{\rm{1}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}\) (molar mass \({\rm{2}}{\rm{.0 g/mol}}\)) compared to that of \(^{\rm{2}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}\) (molar mass \({\rm{4}}{\rm{.0 g/mol}}\)) and the relative rate of diffusion of \({{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\) (molar mass \({\rm{32 g/mol}}\)) compared to that of \({{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}\) (molar mass \({\rm{48 g/mol}}\)).

Why should you roll or belly-crawl rather than walk across a thinly-frozen pond?

One way to state Boyle鈥檚 law is 鈥淎ll other things being equal, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume.鈥� (a) What is the meaning of the term 鈥渋nversely proportional?鈥� (b) What are the 鈥渙ther things鈥� that must be equal?

A cylinder of a gas mixture used for calibration of blood gas analyzers in medical laboratories contains\({\rm{5}}{\rm{.0\% C}}{{\rm{O}}^{\rm{2}}}{\rm{, 12}}{\rm{.0\% }}{{\rm{O}}^{\rm{2}}}\), and the remainder \({{\rm{N}}^{\rm{2}}}\)at a total pressure of \({\rm{146}}\) atm. What is the partial pressure of each component of this gas? (The percentages given indicate the percent of the total pressure that is due to each component.)
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