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The nuclide symbol of\({\bf{\alpha }}\)-particle is\({_{\bf{2}}^{\bf{4}}}{\bf{H}}{{\bf{e}}^{\bf{ + }}}\). It is a doubly ionized helium nuclide.

Nuclear reaction is induced by bombarding nucleus with an energetic particle. The bombarding particle may be an alpha particle, beta particle, a gamma-ray photon or a positron. In any case, the bombarding particle must have enough energy to approach the positively charged nucleus to within range of the strong nuclear force.

The nuclide symbol of\({\bf{\alpha }}\)-particle is\({_{\bf{2}}^{\bf{4}}}{\bf{H}}{{\bf{e}}^{\bf{ + }}}\). It is a doubly ionized helium nuclide.

While beta particles and positron are basically electrons and gamma ray is electromagnetic wave which has wave-particle duality.